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Isaiah 48:4
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KJ21
Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew and thy brow brass,
ASV
Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass;
AMP
“Because I know that you are obstinate, And your neck is an iron tendon And your brow is bronze [both unyielding],
AMPC
Because I knew that you were obstinate, and your neck was an iron sinew and your brow was brass,
BRG
Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass;
CSB
Because I know that you are stubborn, and your neck is iron and your forehead bronze,
CSBA
Because I know that you are stubborn, and your neck is iron and your forehead bronze,
CEB
Because I know that you are stubborn, your neck is made of iron, and your forehead is bronze.
CJB
Because I knew that you were stubborn, your neck an iron sinew, your forehead bronze,
CEV
I knew you were stubborn and hardheaded.
DARBY
Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass,
DRA
For I knew that thou art stubborn, and thy neck is as an iron sinew, and thy forehead as brass.
ERV
I did that because I knew you were stubborn. You were like iron that will not bend, with heads as hard as bronze.
EASY
I did it because I know what you are like. You refuse to obey me. You do not want to change the way that you live. Your neck is like iron and it will not bend! Your head is as hard as bronze!
EHV
I did this because I know that you are stubborn. Your neck is as stiff as iron, and your forehead is as hard as bronze.
ESV
Because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead brass,
ESVUK
Because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead brass,
EXB
I knew you were stubborn; your neck was like an iron muscle, and your ·head [forehead; brow] was like bronze.
GNV
Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass,
GW
I know that you are stubborn. Like iron, you are hardheaded. Like bronze, nothing gets through your thick skull.
GNT
I knew that you would prove to be stubborn, as rigid as iron and unyielding as bronze.
HCSB
Because I know that you are stubborn, and your neck is iron and your forehead bronze,
ICB
I did that because I knew you were stubborn. Your neck was like an iron muscle. It was as if your head were made of bronze.
ISV
Because I knew that you are obstinate, and because your neck is an iron sinew, and your forehead is bronze,
JUB
Because I know that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow bronze;
KJV
Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass;
AKJV
Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass;
LSB
Because I know that you are stiff, And your neck is an iron sinew And your forehead bronze,
LEB
because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck an iron sinew, and your forehead bronze.
TLB
I knew how hard and obstinate you are. Your necks are as unbending as iron; you are as hardheaded as brass.
MSG
“And now listen to this, family of Jacob, you who are called by the name Israel: Who got you started in the loins of Judah, you who use God’s name to back up your promises and pray to the God of Israel? But do you mean it? Do you live like it? You claim to be citizens of the Holy City; you act as though you lean on the God of Israel, named God-of-the-Angel-Armies. For a long time now, I’ve let you in on the way I work: I told you what I was going to do beforehand, then I did it and it was done, and that’s that. I know you’re a bunch of hardheads, obstinate and flint-faced, So I got a running start and began telling you what was going on before it even happened. That is why you can’t say, ‘My god-idol did this.’ ‘My favorite god-carving commanded this.’ You have all this evidence confirmed by your own eyes and ears. Shouldn’t you be talking about it? And that was just the beginning. I have a lot more to tell you, things you never knew existed. This isn’t a variation on the same old thing. This is new, brand-new, something you’d never guess or dream up. When you hear this you won’t be able to say, ‘I knew that all along.’ You’ve never been good listeners to me. You have a history of ignoring me, A sorry track record of fickle attachments— rebels from the womb. But out of the sheer goodness of my heart, because of who I am, I keep a tight rein on my anger and hold my temper. I don’t wash my hands of you. Do you see what I’ve done? I’ve refined you, but not without fire. I’ve tested you like silver in the furnace of affliction. Out of myself, simply because of who I am, I do what I do. I have my reputation to keep up. I’m not playing second fiddle to either gods or people.
MEV
Because I knew that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew, and your brow bronze;
NOG
I know that you are stubborn. Like iron, you are hardheaded. Like bronze, nothing gets through your thick skull.
NABRE
Because I know that you are stubborn and that your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead bronze,
NASB
Because I know that you are obstinate, And your neck is an iron tendon And your forehead bronze,
NASB1995
“Because I know that you are obstinate, And your neck is an iron sinew And your forehead bronze,
NCB
Because I know full well that you are obstinate, with your neck an iron sinew and your forehead firm as bronze,
NCV
I knew you were stubborn; your neck was like an iron muscle, and your head was like bronze.
NET
I did this because I know how stubborn you are. Your neck muscles are like iron and your forehead like bronze.
NIRV
I knew how stubborn you were. Your neck muscles were as unbending as iron. Your forehead was as hard as bronze.
NIV
For I knew how stubborn you were; your neck muscles were iron, your forehead was bronze.
NIVUK
For I knew how stubborn you were; your neck muscles were iron, your forehead was bronze.
NKJV
Because I knew that you were obstinate, And your neck was an iron sinew, And your brow bronze,
NLV
I know that your heart is hard. Your neck is like iron, and your forehead is like brass.
NLT
For I know how stubborn and obstinate you are. Your necks are as unbending as iron. Your heads are as hard as bronze.
NRSVA
Because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead brass,
NRSVACE
Because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead brass,
NRSVCE
Because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead brass,
NRSVUE
Because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead brass,
OJB
Because I knew that thou art kesheh (obstinate, stubborn) and thy oref (neck) is sinew of barzel (iron), and thy metzach (brow, forehead) bronze;
RGT
“Because I knew that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew, and your brow bronze.
RSV
Because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead brass,
RSVCE
Because I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew and your forehead brass,
TLV
For I know that you are obstinate, and your neck is iron sinew, and your forehead bronze.
VOICE
Long ago, I figured that you’d resist (after all, you are a hard-headed and stubborn lot).
WEB
Because I knew that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew, and your brow bronze;
WYC
For I knew that thou art hard, and thy noll is (like) a sinew of iron, and thy forehead is (like) of brass.
YLT
From my knowing that thou art obstinate, And a sinew of iron thy neck, And thy forehead brass,
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Christian Standard Bible®, and CSB® are federally registered trademarks of Holman Bible Publishers, all rights reserved. ; Christian Standard Bible Anglicised (CSBA) Copyright © 2024 by Holman Bible Publishers.; Common English Bible (CEB) Copyright © 2011 by Common English Bible; Complete Jewish Bible (CJB) Copyright © 1998 by David H. Stern. All rights reserved. ; Contemporary English Version (CEV) Copyright © 1995 by American Bible Society For more information about CEV, visit www.bibles.com and www.cev.bible.; Darby Translation (DARBY) Public Domain (Why are modern Bible translations copyrighted?); Douay-Rheims 1899 American Edition (DRA) Public Domain (Why are modern Bible translations copyrighted?); Easy-to-Read Version (ERV) Copyright © 2006 by Bible League International; EasyEnglish Bible (EASY) EasyEnglish Bible Copyright © MissionAssist 2019 - Charitable Incorporated Organisation 1162807. Used by permission. All rights reserved.; Evangelical Heritage Version (EHV) The Holy Bible, Evangelical Heritage Version®, EHV®, © 2019 Wartburg Project, Inc. All rights reserved.; English Standard Version (ESV) The ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. ESV Text Edition: 2025.; English Standard Version Anglicised (ESVUK) The Holy Bible, English Standard Version Copyright © 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a division of Good News Publishers.; Expanded Bible (EXB) The Expanded Bible, Copyright © 2011 Thomas Nelson Inc. All rights reserved. ; 1599 Geneva Bible (GNV) Geneva Bible, 1599 Edition. Published by Tolle Lege Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, without written permission from the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations in articles, reviews, and broadcasts. ; GOD’S WORD Translation (GW) Copyright © 1995, 2003, 2013, 2014, 2019, 2020 by God’s Word to the Nations Mission Society. All rights reserved.; Good News Translation (GNT) Good News Translation® (Today’s English Version, Second Edition) © 1992 American Bible Society. All rights reserved. For more information about GNT, visit www.bibles.com and www.gnt.bible.; Holman Christian Standard Bible (HCSB) Copyright © 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2009 by Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville Tennessee. All rights reserved.; International Children’s Bible (ICB) The Holy Bible, International Children’s Bible® Copyright© 1986, 1988, 1999, 2015 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission.; International Standard Version (ISV) Copyright © 1995-2014 by ISV Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INTERNATIONALLY. Used by permission of Davidson Press, LLC.; Jubilee Bible 2000 (JUB) Copyright © 2013, 2020 by Ransom Press International ; King James Version (KJV) Public Domain; Authorized (King James) Version (AKJV) KJV reproduced by permission of Cambridge University Press, the Crown’s patentee in the UK.; Legacy Standard Bible (LSB) Legacy Standard Bible Copyright ©2021 by The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved. Managed in partnership with Three Sixteen Publishing Inc. LSBible.org For Permission to Quote Information visit https://www.LSBible.org.; Lexham English Bible (LEB) 2012 by Logos Bible Software. Lexham is a registered trademark of Logos Bible Software; Living Bible (TLB) The Living Bible copyright © 1971 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.; The Message (MSG) Copyright © 1993, 2002, 2018 by Eugene H. 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All rights reserved.; New American Standard Bible 1995 (NASB1995) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.; New Catholic Bible (NCB) Copyright © 2019 by Catholic Book Publishing Corp. All rights reserved.; New Century Version (NCV) The Holy Bible, New Century Version®. Copyright © 2005 by Thomas Nelson, Inc.; New English Translation (NET) NET Bible® copyright ©1996-2017 by Biblical Studies Press, L.L.C. http://netbible.com All rights reserved.; New International Reader's Version (NIRV) Copyright © 1995, 1996, 1998, 2014 by Biblica, Inc.®. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.; New International Version (NIV) Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.; New International Version - UK (NIVUK) Holy Bible, New International Version® Anglicized, NIV® Copyright © 1979, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.; New King James Version (NKJV) Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.; New Life Version (NLV) Copyright © 1969, 2003 by Barbour Publishing, Inc.; New Living Translation (NLT) Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.; New Revised Standard Version, Anglicised (NRSVA) New Revised Standard Version Bible: Anglicised Edition, copyright © 1989, 1995 the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.; New Revised Standard Version, Anglicised Catholic Edition (NRSVACE) New Revised Standard Version Bible: Anglicised Catholic Edition, copyright © 1989, 1993, 1995 the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.; New Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition (NRSVCE) New Revised Standard Version Bible: Catholic Edition, copyright © 1989, 1993 the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.; New Revised Standard Version Updated Edition (NRSVUE) New Revised Standard Version, Updated Edition. Copyright © 2021 National Council of Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.; Orthodox Jewish Bible (OJB) Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2008, 2010, 2011 by Artists for Israel International; Revised Geneva Translation (RGT) © 2019, 2024 by Five Talents Audio. All rights reserved.; Revised Standard Version (RSV) Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright © 1946, 1952, and 1971 the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.; Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition (RSVCE) The Revised Standard Version of the Bible: Catholic Edition, copyright © 1965, 1966 the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.; Tree of Life Version (TLV) Copyright © 2014 by the Messianic Jewish Family Bible Society (DBA: Tree of Life Bible Society). Used by permission. All rights reserved. For more information about the TLV Bible, visit www.tlvbiblesociety.org.; The Voice (VOICE) The Voice Bible Copyright © 2012 Thomas Nelson, Inc. The Voice™ translation © 2012 Ecclesia Bible Society All rights reserved. ; World English Bible (WEB) by Public Domain. The name "World English Bible" is trademarked.; Wycliffe Bible (WYC) 2001 by Terence P. Noble; Young's Literal Translation (YLT) by Public Domain
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