Footnotes

1. Romans 10:17 Paul summarizes the process he has deduced from Scripture. Faith in the hearer comes in response to a report about Christ, and this report comes through a message proclaimed by one sent.
2. Romans 10:17 That is, the faith to call upon the Lord and be saved.
3. Romans 10:17 This word means both hearing (the act of hearing) and report (the message heard). It is the same word as ‘report’ in v 16, and is related to ‘hear’ in v 18, and is rendered this way to show the connection to both. An obedient-hearing is in view here.
4. Romans 10:17 Or, message. That is, the word of faith (v 8); the report (v 16); the proclamation (v 15).
5. Romans 10:17 Or, from, through the word of His messengers.
6. Romans 10:18 Paul moves on from describing the content of Israel’s ignorance (v 3-17) to their culpability for it.
7. Romans 10:18 Israel cannot claim to have not heard the message, for the message was taken from Israel to the whole world.
8. Romans 10:19 Or, understand. The prophets do not leave them this excuse. God told them from the beginning that He would go to the Gentiles and Israel would not believe.
9. Romans 10:19 Or, a senseless nation, a foolish nation. The nation that knows God and has His word and is trained in spiritual matters will be angered by ones with no such expertise.