Revelation 19:11-16

New English Translation

Footnotes

1. Revelation 19:11 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
2. Revelation 19:11 tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).
3. Revelation 19:11 tn A new sentence was started in the translation at this point and καί (kai) was not translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
4. Revelation 19:11 tn Or “in righteousness,” but since the context here involves the punishment of the wicked and the vindication of the saints, “justice” was preferred.
5. Revelation 19:12 tn The genitive noun πυρός (puros) has been translated as an attributive genitive (see also Rev 1:14).
6. Revelation 19:12 tn For the translation of διάδημα (diadēma) as “diadem crown” see L&N 6.196.sn Diadem crowns were a type of crown used as a symbol of the highest ruling authority in a given area, and thus often associated with kingship.
7. Revelation 19:12 tn Grk “head, having.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
8. Revelation 19:12 tn Although many translations supply a prepositional phrase to specify what the name was written on (“upon Him,” NASB; “on him,” NIV), there is no location for the name specified in the Greek text.
9. Revelation 19:13 tc It appears that “dipped” (βεβαμμένον, bebammenon), supported by several majuscules and other witnesses (A 051 M), is the original reading. Due to the lack of the preposition “in” (ἐν, en) after the verb (βεβαμμένον αἵματι, bebammenon haimati), and also probably because of literary allusions to Isa 63:3, several mss and versions seem to have changed the text to “sprinkled” (either ῥεραντισμένον [rherantismenon] in P 2329 al; ἐρραντισμένον [errantismenon] in 1006 1841; ἐρραμμένον [errammenon] in 2053 2062; or ῥεραμμένον [rherammenon] in 1611; or in one case περιρεραμμένον [perirerammenon] in א^[2]). The reading most likely to give rise to the others is “dipped.”tn Or perhaps “soaked.”
10. Revelation 19:13 tn Grk “the name of him is called.”
11. Revelation 19:14 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
12. Revelation 19:14 tn On the term translated “fine linen,” BDAG 185 s.v. βύσσινος states, “made of fine linen, subst. τὸ β. fine linen, linen garment…Rv 18:12, 16; 19:8, 14.”
13. Revelation 19:15 tn Or “the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
14. Revelation 19:15 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
15. Revelation 19:15 tn Grk “will shepherd.”
16. Revelation 19:15 tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rhabdos) can mean either “rod” or “scepter.” sn A quotation from Ps 2:9 (see also Rev 2:27; 12:5).
17. Revelation 19:15 sn He stomps the winepress. See Isa 63:3, where Messiah does this alone (usually several individuals would join in the process), and Rev 14:20.
18. Revelation 19:15 tn The genitive θυμοῦ (thumou) has been translated as an attributed genitive. Following BDAG 461 s.v. θυμός 2, the combination of the genitives of θυμός (thumos) and ὀργή (orgē) in Rev 16:19 and 19:15 are taken to be a strengthening of the thought as in the OT and Qumran literature (Exod 32:12; Jer 32:37; Lam 2:3; CD 10:9).
19. Revelation 19:15 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π.…Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”