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because her sins have piled[a] up all the way to heaven[b] and God has remembered[c] her crimes.[d]

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 18:5 tn On ἐκολλήθησαν (ekollēthēsan) BDAG 556 s.v. κολλάω 2.a.β states, “fig. cling to = come in close contact with (cp. Ps 21:16; 43:26 ἐκολλήθη εἰς γῆν ἡ γαστὴρ ἡμῶν. The act.=‘bring into contact’ PGM 5, 457 κολλήσας τ. λίθον τῷ ὠτίῳ) ἐκολλήθησαν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι ἄχρι τ. οὐρανοῦ the sins have touched the heaven = reached the sky (two exprs. are telescoped) Rv 18:5.”
  2. Revelation 18:5 tn Or “up to the sky” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”).
  3. Revelation 18:5 tn That is, remembered her sins to execute judgment on them.
  4. Revelation 18:5 tn Or “her sins.”