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Maschil i Asaff.

78 Gwrando fy nghyfraith, fy mhobl: gostyngwch eich clust at eiriau fy ngenau. Agoraf fy ngenau mewn dihareb: traethaf ddamhegion o’r cynfyd: Y rhai a glywsom, ac a wybuom, ac a fynegodd ein tadau i ni. Ni chelwn rhag eu meibion, gan fynegi i’r oes a ddêl foliant yr Arglwydd, a’i nerth, a’i ryfeddodau y rhai a wnaeth efe. Canys efe a sicrhaodd dystiolaeth yn Jacob, ac a osododd gyfraith yn Israel, y rhai a orchmynnodd efe i’n tadau eu dysgu i’w plant: Fel y gwybyddai yr oes a ddêl, sef y plant a enid; a phan gyfodent, y mynegent hwy i’w plant hwythau: Fel y gosodent eu gobaith ar Dduw, heb anghofio gweithredoedd Duw, eithr cadw ei orchmynion ef: Ac na byddent fel eu tadau, yn genhedlaeth gyndyn a gwrthryfelgar; yn genhedlaeth ni osododd ei chalon yn uniawn, ac nid yw ei hysbryd ffyddlon gyda Duw. Meibion Effraim, yn arfog ac yn saethu â bwa, a droesant eu cefnau yn nydd y frwydr. 10 Ni chadwasant gyfamod Duw, eithr gwrthodasant rodio yn ei gyfraith ef; 11 Ac anghofiasant ei weithredoedd a’i ryfeddodau, y rhai a ddangosasai efe iddynt. 12 Efe a wnaethai wyrthiau o flaen eu tadau hwynt yn nhir yr Aifft, ym maes Soan. 13 Efe a barthodd y môr, ac a aeth â hwynt drwodd; gwnaeth hefyd i’r dwfr sefyll fel pentwr. 14 Y dydd hefyd y tywysodd efe hwynt â chwmwl, ac ar hyd y nos â goleuni tân. 15 Efe a holltodd y creigiau yn yr anialwch; a rhoddes ddiod oddi yno megis o ddyfnderau dirfawr. 16 Canys efe a ddug ffrydiau allan o’r graig, ac a dynnodd i lawr megis afonydd o ddyfroedd. 17 Er hynny chwanegasant eto bechu yn ei erbyn ef, gan ddigio y Goruchaf yn y diffeithwch. 18 A themtiasant Dduw yn eu calon, gan ofyn bwyd wrth eu blys. 19 Llefarasant hefyd yn erbyn Duw; dywedasant, A ddichon Duw arlwyo bwrdd yn yr anialwch? 20 Wele, efe a drawodd y graig, fel y pistyllodd dwfr, ac y llifodd afonydd; a ddichon efe roddi bara hefyd? a ddarpara efe gig i’w bobl? 21 Am hynny y clybu yr Arglwydd, ac y digiodd: a thân a enynnodd yn erbyn Jacob, a digofaint hefyd a gyneuodd yn erbyn Israel; 22 Am na chredent yn Nuw, ac na obeithient yn ei iachawdwriaeth ef: 23 Er iddo ef orchymyn i’r wybrennau oddi uchod, ac agoryd drysau y nefoedd, 24 A glawio manna arnynt i’w fwyta, a rhoddi iddynt ŷd y nefoedd. 25 Dyn a fwytaodd fara angylion: anfonodd iddynt fwyd yn ddigonol. 26 Gyrrodd y dwyreinwynt yn y nefoedd; ac yn ei nerth y dug efe ddeheuwynt. 27 Glawiodd hefyd gig arnynt fel llwch, ac adar asgellog fel tywod y môr. 28 Ac a wnaeth iddynt gwympo o fewn eu gwersyll, o amgylch eu preswylfeydd. 29 Felly y bwytasant, ac y llwyr ddiwallwyd hwynt; ac efe a barodd eu dymuniad iddynt; 30 Ni omeddwyd hwynt o’r hyn a flysiasant: er hynny, tra yr ydoedd eu bwyd yn eu safnau, 31 Dicllonedd Duw a gyneuodd yn eu herbyn hwynt, ac a laddodd y rhai brasaf ohonynt, ac a gwympodd etholedigion Israel. 32 Er hyn oll pechasant eto, ac ni chredasant i’w ryfeddodau ef. 33 Am hynny y treuliodd efe eu dyddiau hwynt mewn oferedd, a’u blynyddoedd mewn dychryn. 34 Pan laddai efe hwynt, hwy a’i ceisient ef, ac a ddychwelent, ac a geisient Dduw yn fore. 35 Cofient hefyd mai Duw oedd eu Craig, ac mai y Goruchaf Dduw oedd eu Gwaredydd. 36 Er hynny, rhagrithio yr oeddynt iddo ef â’u genau, a dywedyd celwydd wrtho â’u tafod: 37 A’u calon heb fod yn uniawn gydag ef, na’u bod yn ffyddlon yn ei gyfamod ef. 38 Er hynny efe yn drugarog a faddeuodd eu hanwiredd, ac ni ddifethodd hwynt: ie, trodd ymaith ei ddigofaint yn fynych, ac ni chyffrôdd ei holl lid. 39 Canys efe a gofiai mai cnawd oeddynt, a gwynt yn myned, ac heb ddychwelyd. 40 Pa sawl gwaith y digiasant ef yn yr anialwch, ac y gofidiasant ef yn y diffeithwch? 41 Ie, troesant a phrofasant Dduw, ac a osodasant derfyn i Sanct yr Israel. 42 Ni chofiasant ei law ef, na’r dydd y gwaredodd efe hwynt oddi wrth y gelyn. 43 Fel y gosodasai efe ei arwyddion yn yr Aifft, a’i ryfeddodau ym maes Soan: 44 Ac y troesai eu hafonydd yn waed; a’u ffrydiau, fel na allent yfed. 45 Anfonodd gymysgbla yn eu plith, yr hon a’u difaodd hwynt; a llyffaint i’w difetha. 46 Ac efe a roddodd eu cnwd hwynt i’r lindys, a’u llafur i’r locust. 47 Distrywiodd eu gwinwydd â chenllysg, a’u sycamorwydd â rhew. 48 Rhoddodd hefyd eu hanifeiliaid i’r cenllysg, a’u golud i’r mellt. 49 Anfonodd arnynt gynddaredd ei lid, llidiowgrwydd, a dicter, a chyfyngder, trwy anfon angylion drwg. 50 Cymhwysodd ffordd i’w ddigofaint: nid ataliodd eu henaid oddi wrth angau; ond eu bywyd a roddodd efe i’r haint. 51 Trawodd hefyd bob cyntaf‐anedig yn yr Aifft; sef blaenion eu nerth hwynt ym mhebyll Ham: 52 Ond efe a yrrodd ei bobl ei hun fel defaid, ac a’u harweiniodd hwynt fel praidd yn yr anialwch. 53 Tywysodd hwynt hefyd yn ddiogel, fel nad ofnasant: a’r môr a orchuddiodd eu gelynion hwynt. 54 Hwythau a ddug efe i oror ei sancteiddrwydd; i’r mynydd hwn, a enillodd ei ddeheulaw ef. 55 Ac efe a yrrodd allan y cenhedloedd o’u blaen hwynt, ac a rannodd iddynt etifeddiaeth wrth linyn, ac a wnaeth i lwythau Israel drigo yn eu pebyll hwynt. 56 Er hynny temtiasant a digiasant Dduw Goruchaf, ac ni chadwasant ei dystiolaethau: 57 Eithr ciliasant a buant anffyddlon fel eu tadau: troesant fel bwa twyllodrus. 58 Digiasant ef hefyd â’u huchelfannau; a gyrasant eiddigedd arno â’u cerfiedig ddelwau. 59 Clybu Duw hyn, ac a ddigiodd, ac a ffieiddiodd Israel yn ddirfawr: 60 Fel y gadawodd efe dabernacl Seilo, y babell a osodasai efe ymysg dynion; 61 Ac y rhoddodd ei nerth mewn caethiwed, a’i brydferthwch yn llaw y gelyn. 62 Rhoddes hefyd ei bobl i’r cleddyf; a digiodd wrth ei etifeddiaeth. 63 Tân a ysodd eu gwŷr ieuainc; a’u morynion ni phriodwyd. 64 Eu hoffeiriaid a laddwyd â’r cleddyf; a’u gwragedd gweddwon nid wylasant. 65 Yna y deffrôdd yr Arglwydd fel un o gysgu, fel cadarn yn bloeddio gwedi gwin. 66 Ac efe a drawodd ei elynion o’r tu ôl: rhoddes iddynt warth tragwyddol. 67 Gwrthododd hefyd babell Joseff, ac ni etholodd lwyth Effraim: 68 Ond efe a etholodd lwyth Jwda, mynydd Seion, yr hwn a hoffodd. 69 Ac a adeiladodd ei gysegr fel llys uchel, fel y ddaear yr hon a seiliodd efe yn dragywydd. 70 Etholodd hefyd Dafydd ei was, ac a’i cymerth o gorlannau y defaid: 71 Oddi ar ôl y defaid cyfebron y daeth ag ef i borthi Jacob ei bobl, ac Israel ei etifeddiaeth. 72 Yntau a’u porthodd hwynt yn ôl perffeithrwydd ei galon; ac a’u trinodd wrth gyfarwyddyd ei ddwylo.

Psalm 78

A maskil[a] of Asaph.

My people, hear my teaching;(A)
    listen to the words of my mouth.
I will open my mouth with a parable;(B)
    I will utter hidden things, things from of old—
things we have heard and known,
    things our ancestors have told us.(C)
We will not hide them from their descendants;(D)
    we will tell the next generation(E)
the praiseworthy deeds(F) of the Lord,
    his power, and the wonders(G) he has done.
He decreed statutes(H) for Jacob(I)
    and established the law in Israel,
which he commanded our ancestors
    to teach their children,
so the next generation would know them,
    even the children yet to be born,(J)
    and they in turn would tell their children.
Then they would put their trust in God
    and would not forget(K) his deeds
    but would keep his commands.(L)
They would not be like their ancestors(M)
    a stubborn(N) and rebellious(O) generation,
whose hearts were not loyal to God,
    whose spirits were not faithful to him.

The men of Ephraim, though armed with bows,(P)
    turned back on the day of battle;(Q)
10 they did not keep God’s covenant(R)
    and refused to live by his law.(S)
11 They forgot what he had done,(T)
    the wonders he had shown them.
12 He did miracles(U) in the sight of their ancestors
    in the land of Egypt,(V) in the region of Zoan.(W)
13 He divided the sea(X) and led them through;
    he made the water stand up like a wall.(Y)
14 He guided them with the cloud by day
    and with light from the fire all night.(Z)
15 He split the rocks(AA) in the wilderness
    and gave them water as abundant as the seas;
16 he brought streams out of a rocky crag
    and made water flow down like rivers.

17 But they continued to sin(AB) against him,
    rebelling in the wilderness against the Most High.
18 They willfully put God to the test(AC)
    by demanding the food they craved.(AD)
19 They spoke against God;(AE)
    they said, “Can God really
    spread a table in the wilderness?
20 True, he struck the rock,
    and water gushed out,(AF)
    streams flowed abundantly,
but can he also give us bread?
    Can he supply meat(AG) for his people?”
21 When the Lord heard them, he was furious;
    his fire broke out(AH) against Jacob,
    and his wrath rose against Israel,
22 for they did not believe in God
    or trust(AI) in his deliverance.
23 Yet he gave a command to the skies above
    and opened the doors of the heavens;(AJ)
24 he rained down manna(AK) for the people to eat,
    he gave them the grain of heaven.
25 Human beings ate the bread of angels;
    he sent them all the food they could eat.
26 He let loose the east wind(AL) from the heavens
    and by his power made the south wind blow.
27 He rained meat down on them like dust,
    birds(AM) like sand on the seashore.
28 He made them come down inside their camp,
    all around their tents.
29 They ate till they were gorged—(AN)
    he had given them what they craved.
30 But before they turned from what they craved,
    even while the food was still in their mouths,(AO)
31 God’s anger rose against them;
    he put to death the sturdiest(AP) among them,
    cutting down the young men of Israel.

32 In spite of all this, they kept on sinning;(AQ)
    in spite of his wonders,(AR) they did not believe.(AS)
33 So he ended their days in futility(AT)
    and their years in terror.
34 Whenever God slew them, they would seek(AU) him;
    they eagerly turned to him again.
35 They remembered that God was their Rock,(AV)
    that God Most High was their Redeemer.(AW)
36 But then they would flatter him with their mouths,(AX)
    lying to him with their tongues;
37 their hearts were not loyal(AY) to him,
    they were not faithful to his covenant.
38 Yet he was merciful;(AZ)
    he forgave(BA) their iniquities(BB)
    and did not destroy them.
Time after time he restrained his anger(BC)
    and did not stir up his full wrath.
39 He remembered that they were but flesh,(BD)
    a passing breeze(BE) that does not return.

40 How often they rebelled(BF) against him in the wilderness(BG)
    and grieved him(BH) in the wasteland!
41 Again and again they put God to the test;(BI)
    they vexed the Holy One of Israel.(BJ)
42 They did not remember(BK) his power—
    the day he redeemed them from the oppressor,(BL)
43 the day he displayed his signs(BM) in Egypt,
    his wonders(BN) in the region of Zoan.
44 He turned their river into blood;(BO)
    they could not drink from their streams.
45 He sent swarms of flies(BP) that devoured them,
    and frogs(BQ) that devastated them.
46 He gave their crops to the grasshopper,(BR)
    their produce to the locust.(BS)
47 He destroyed their vines with hail(BT)
    and their sycamore-figs with sleet.
48 He gave over their cattle to the hail,
    their livestock(BU) to bolts of lightning.
49 He unleashed against them his hot anger,(BV)
    his wrath, indignation and hostility—
    a band of destroying angels.(BW)
50 He prepared a path for his anger;
    he did not spare them from death
    but gave them over to the plague.
51 He struck down all the firstborn of Egypt,(BX)
    the firstfruits of manhood in the tents of Ham.(BY)
52 But he brought his people out like a flock;(BZ)
    he led them like sheep through the wilderness.
53 He guided them safely, so they were unafraid;
    but the sea engulfed(CA) their enemies.(CB)
54 And so he brought them to the border of his holy land,
    to the hill country his right hand(CC) had taken.
55 He drove out nations(CD) before them
    and allotted their lands to them as an inheritance;(CE)
    he settled the tribes of Israel in their homes.

56 But they put God to the test
    and rebelled against the Most High;
    they did not keep his statutes.
57 Like their ancestors(CF) they were disloyal and faithless,
    as unreliable as a faulty bow.(CG)
58 They angered him(CH) with their high places;(CI)
    they aroused his jealousy with their idols.(CJ)
59 When God heard(CK) them, he was furious;(CL)
    he rejected Israel(CM) completely.
60 He abandoned the tabernacle of Shiloh,(CN)
    the tent he had set up among humans.(CO)
61 He sent the ark of his might(CP) into captivity,(CQ)
    his splendor into the hands of the enemy.
62 He gave his people over to the sword;(CR)
    he was furious with his inheritance.(CS)
63 Fire consumed(CT) their young men,
    and their young women had no wedding songs;(CU)
64 their priests were put to the sword,(CV)
    and their widows could not weep.

65 Then the Lord awoke as from sleep,(CW)
    as a warrior wakes from the stupor of wine.
66 He beat back his enemies;
    he put them to everlasting shame.(CX)
67 Then he rejected the tents of Joseph,
    he did not choose the tribe of Ephraim;(CY)
68 but he chose the tribe of Judah,(CZ)
    Mount Zion,(DA) which he loved.
69 He built his sanctuary(DB) like the heights,
    like the earth that he established forever.
70 He chose David(DC) his servant
    and took him from the sheep pens;
71 from tending the sheep(DD) he brought him
    to be the shepherd(DE) of his people Jacob,
    of Israel his inheritance.
72 And David shepherded them with integrity of heart;(DF)
    with skillful hands he led them.

Footnotes

  1. Psalm 78:1 Title: Probably a literary or musical term