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13 As it is written and forever remains written, “[a]Jacob I loved (chose, protected, blessed), but [b]Esau I hated (held in disregard compared to Jacob).”(A)

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:13 The Israelites received God’s protection and blessing.
  2. Romans 9:13 The Edomites were left to God’s judgment.

13 Just as it is written: “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”[a](A)

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:13 Mal. 1:2,3

16 So then God’s choice is not dependent on human will, nor on human effort [the totality of human striving], but on God who shows mercy [to whomever He chooses—it is His sovereign gift].

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16 It does not, therefore, depend on human desire or effort, but on God’s mercy.(A)

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