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On her forehead was written a name, which is a mystery, “Babylon the great, the mother of harlots and of the abominations of the earth.”

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The name written on her forehead was a mystery:(A)

babylon the great(B)

the mother of prostitutes(C)

and of the abominations of the earth.

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For all the nations have drunk[a]
    the wine of her licentious passion.
The kings of the earth had intercourse with her,
    and the merchants of the earth grew rich from her drive for luxury.”(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 18:3–24 Rome is condemned for her immorality, symbol of idolatry (see note on Rev 14:4), and for persecuting the church; cf. Rev 19:2.

For all the nations have drunk
    the maddening wine of her adulteries.(A)
The kings of the earth committed adultery with her,(B)
    and the merchants of the earth grew rich(C) from her excessive luxuries.”(D)

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11 The merchants of the earth will weep and mourn for her, because there will be no more markets[a] for their cargo:

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Footnotes

  1. 18:11 Ironically, the merchants weep not so much for Babylon-Rome, but for their lost markets; cf. Ez 27:36.

11 “The merchants(A) of the earth will weep and mourn(B) over her because no one buys their cargoes anymore(C)

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13 cinnamon, spice,[a] incense, myrrh, and frankincense; wine, olive oil, fine flour, and wheat; cattle and sheep, horses and chariots, and slaves, that is, human beings.

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Footnotes

  1. 18:13 Spice: an unidentified spice plant called in Greek amōmon.

13 cargoes of cinnamon and spice, of incense, myrrh and frankincense, of wine and olive oil, of fine flour and wheat; cattle and sheep; horses and carriages; and human beings sold as slaves.(A)

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