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A contemplation by Asaph.

78 Hear my teaching, my people.
    Turn your ears to the words of my mouth.
I will open my mouth in a parable.
    I will utter dark sayings of old,
Which we have heard and known,
    and our fathers have told us.
We will not hide them from their children,
    telling to the generation to come the praises of Yahweh,
    his strength, and his wondrous deeds that he has done.
For he established a covenant in Jacob,
    and appointed a teaching in Israel,
    which he commanded our fathers,
    that they should make them known to their children;
that the generation to come might know, even the children who should be born;
    who should arise and tell their children,
that they might set their hope in God,
    and not forget God’s deeds,
    but keep his commandments,
and might not be as their fathers,
    a stubborn and rebellious generation,
    a generation that didn’t make their hearts loyal,
    whose spirit was not steadfast with God.
The children of Ephraim, being armed and carrying bows,
    turned back in the day of battle.
10 They didn’t keep God’s covenant,
    and refused to walk in his law.
11 They forgot his doings,
    his wondrous deeds that he had shown them.
12 He did marvelous things in the sight of their fathers,
    in the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan.
13 He split the sea, and caused them to pass through.
    He made the waters stand as a heap.
14 In the daytime he also led them with a cloud,
    and all night with a light of fire.
15 He split rocks in the wilderness,
    and gave them drink abundantly as out of the depths.
16 He brought streams also out of the rock,
    and caused waters to run down like rivers.
17 Yet they still went on to sin against him,
    to rebel against the Most High in the desert.
18 They tempted God in their heart
    by asking food according to their desire.
19 Yes, they spoke against God.
    They said, “Can God prepare a table in the wilderness?
20 Behold, he struck the rock, so that waters gushed out,
    and streams overflowed.
Can he give bread also?
    Will he provide meat for his people?”
21 Therefore Yahweh heard, and was angry.
    A fire was kindled against Jacob,
    anger also went up against Israel,
22 because they didn’t believe in God,
    and didn’t trust in his salvation.
23 Yet he commanded the skies above,
    and opened the doors of heaven.
24 He rained down manna on them to eat,
    and gave them food from the sky.
25 Man ate the bread of angels.
    He sent them food to the full.
26 He caused the east wind to blow in the sky.
    By his power he guided the south wind.
27 He also rained meat on them as the dust,
    winged birds as the sand of the seas.
28 He let them fall in the middle of their camp,
    around their habitations.
29 So they ate, and were well filled.
    He gave them their own desire.
30 They didn’t turn from their cravings.
    Their food was yet in their mouths,
31     when the anger of God went up against them,
    killed some of their fattest,
    and struck down the young men of Israel.
32 For all this they still sinned,
    and didn’t believe in his wondrous works.
33 Therefore he consumed their days in vanity,
    and their years in terror.
34 When he killed them, then they inquired after him.
    They returned and sought God earnestly.
35 They remembered that God was their rock,
    the Most High God, their redeemer.
36 But they flattered him with their mouth,
    and lied to him with their tongue.
37 For their heart was not right with him,
    neither were they faithful in his covenant.
38 But he, being merciful, forgave iniquity, and didn’t destroy them.
    Yes, many times he turned his anger away,
    and didn’t stir up all his wrath.
39 He remembered that they were but flesh,
    a wind that passes away, and doesn’t come again.
40 How often they rebelled against him in the wilderness,
    and grieved him in the desert!
41 They turned again and tempted God,
    and provoked the Holy One of Israel.
42 They didn’t remember his hand,
    nor the day when he redeemed them from the adversary;
43 how he set his signs in Egypt,
    his wonders in the field of Zoan,
44 he turned their rivers into blood,
    and their streams, so that they could not drink.
45 He sent among them swarms of flies, which devoured them;
    and frogs, which destroyed them.
46 He also gave their increase to the caterpillar,
    and their labor to the locust.
47 He destroyed their vines with hail,
    their sycamore fig trees with frost.
48 He also gave over their livestock to the hail,
    and their flocks to hot thunderbolts.
49 He threw on them the fierceness of his anger,
    wrath, indignation, and trouble,
    and a band of angels of evil.
50 He made a path for his anger.
    He didn’t spare their soul from death,
    but gave their life over to the pestilence,
51 and struck all the firstborn in Egypt,
    the chief of their strength in the tents of Ham.
52 But he led out his own people like sheep,
    and guided them in the wilderness like a flock.
53 He led them safely, so that they weren’t afraid,
    but the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
54 He brought them to the border of his sanctuary,
    to this mountain, which his right hand had taken.
55 He also drove out the nations before them,
    allotted them for an inheritance by line,
    and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.
56 Yet they tempted and rebelled against the Most High God,
    and didn’t keep his testimonies,
57 but turned back, and dealt treacherously like their fathers.
    They were twisted like a deceitful bow.
58 For they provoked him to anger with their high places,
    and moved him to jealousy with their engraved images.
59 When God heard this, he was angry,
    and greatly abhorred Israel,
60 so that he abandoned the tent of Shiloh,
    the tent which he placed among men,
61 and delivered his strength into captivity,
    his glory into the adversary’s hand.
62 He also gave his people over to the sword,
    and was angry with his inheritance.
63 Fire devoured their young men.
    Their virgins had no wedding song.
64 Their priests fell by the sword,
    and their widows couldn’t weep.
65 Then the Lord awakened as one out of sleep,
    like a mighty man who shouts by reason of wine.
66 He struck his adversaries backward.
    He put them to a perpetual reproach.
67 Moreover he rejected the tent of Joseph,
    and didn’t choose the tribe of Ephraim,
68 But chose the tribe of Judah,
    Mount Zion which he loved.
69 He built his sanctuary like the heights,
    like the earth which he has established forever.
70 He also chose David his servant,
    and took him from the sheepfolds;
71 from following the ewes that have their young,
    he brought him to be the shepherd of Jacob, his people,
    and Israel, his inheritance.
72 So he was their shepherd according to the integrity of his heart,
    and guided them by the skillfulness of his hands.

Psalm 78

A maskil[a] of Asaph.

My people, hear my teaching;(A)
    listen to the words of my mouth.
I will open my mouth with a parable;(B)
    I will utter hidden things, things from of old—
things we have heard and known,
    things our ancestors have told us.(C)
We will not hide them from their descendants;(D)
    we will tell the next generation(E)
the praiseworthy deeds(F) of the Lord,
    his power, and the wonders(G) he has done.
He decreed statutes(H) for Jacob(I)
    and established the law in Israel,
which he commanded our ancestors
    to teach their children,
so the next generation would know them,
    even the children yet to be born,(J)
    and they in turn would tell their children.
Then they would put their trust in God
    and would not forget(K) his deeds
    but would keep his commands.(L)
They would not be like their ancestors(M)
    a stubborn(N) and rebellious(O) generation,
whose hearts were not loyal to God,
    whose spirits were not faithful to him.

The men of Ephraim, though armed with bows,(P)
    turned back on the day of battle;(Q)
10 they did not keep God’s covenant(R)
    and refused to live by his law.(S)
11 They forgot what he had done,(T)
    the wonders he had shown them.
12 He did miracles(U) in the sight of their ancestors
    in the land of Egypt,(V) in the region of Zoan.(W)
13 He divided the sea(X) and led them through;
    he made the water stand up like a wall.(Y)
14 He guided them with the cloud by day
    and with light from the fire all night.(Z)
15 He split the rocks(AA) in the wilderness
    and gave them water as abundant as the seas;
16 he brought streams out of a rocky crag
    and made water flow down like rivers.

17 But they continued to sin(AB) against him,
    rebelling in the wilderness against the Most High.
18 They willfully put God to the test(AC)
    by demanding the food they craved.(AD)
19 They spoke against God;(AE)
    they said, “Can God really
    spread a table in the wilderness?
20 True, he struck the rock,
    and water gushed out,(AF)
    streams flowed abundantly,
but can he also give us bread?
    Can he supply meat(AG) for his people?”
21 When the Lord heard them, he was furious;
    his fire broke out(AH) against Jacob,
    and his wrath rose against Israel,
22 for they did not believe in God
    or trust(AI) in his deliverance.
23 Yet he gave a command to the skies above
    and opened the doors of the heavens;(AJ)
24 he rained down manna(AK) for the people to eat,
    he gave them the grain of heaven.
25 Human beings ate the bread of angels;
    he sent them all the food they could eat.
26 He let loose the east wind(AL) from the heavens
    and by his power made the south wind blow.
27 He rained meat down on them like dust,
    birds(AM) like sand on the seashore.
28 He made them come down inside their camp,
    all around their tents.
29 They ate till they were gorged—(AN)
    he had given them what they craved.
30 But before they turned from what they craved,
    even while the food was still in their mouths,(AO)
31 God’s anger rose against them;
    he put to death the sturdiest(AP) among them,
    cutting down the young men of Israel.

32 In spite of all this, they kept on sinning;(AQ)
    in spite of his wonders,(AR) they did not believe.(AS)
33 So he ended their days in futility(AT)
    and their years in terror.
34 Whenever God slew them, they would seek(AU) him;
    they eagerly turned to him again.
35 They remembered that God was their Rock,(AV)
    that God Most High was their Redeemer.(AW)
36 But then they would flatter him with their mouths,(AX)
    lying to him with their tongues;
37 their hearts were not loyal(AY) to him,
    they were not faithful to his covenant.
38 Yet he was merciful;(AZ)
    he forgave(BA) their iniquities(BB)
    and did not destroy them.
Time after time he restrained his anger(BC)
    and did not stir up his full wrath.
39 He remembered that they were but flesh,(BD)
    a passing breeze(BE) that does not return.

40 How often they rebelled(BF) against him in the wilderness(BG)
    and grieved him(BH) in the wasteland!
41 Again and again they put God to the test;(BI)
    they vexed the Holy One of Israel.(BJ)
42 They did not remember(BK) his power—
    the day he redeemed them from the oppressor,(BL)
43 the day he displayed his signs(BM) in Egypt,
    his wonders(BN) in the region of Zoan.
44 He turned their river into blood;(BO)
    they could not drink from their streams.
45 He sent swarms of flies(BP) that devoured them,
    and frogs(BQ) that devastated them.
46 He gave their crops to the grasshopper,(BR)
    their produce to the locust.(BS)
47 He destroyed their vines with hail(BT)
    and their sycamore-figs with sleet.
48 He gave over their cattle to the hail,
    their livestock(BU) to bolts of lightning.
49 He unleashed against them his hot anger,(BV)
    his wrath, indignation and hostility—
    a band of destroying angels.(BW)
50 He prepared a path for his anger;
    he did not spare them from death
    but gave them over to the plague.
51 He struck down all the firstborn of Egypt,(BX)
    the firstfruits of manhood in the tents of Ham.(BY)
52 But he brought his people out like a flock;(BZ)
    he led them like sheep through the wilderness.
53 He guided them safely, so they were unafraid;
    but the sea engulfed(CA) their enemies.(CB)
54 And so he brought them to the border of his holy land,
    to the hill country his right hand(CC) had taken.
55 He drove out nations(CD) before them
    and allotted their lands to them as an inheritance;(CE)
    he settled the tribes of Israel in their homes.

56 But they put God to the test
    and rebelled against the Most High;
    they did not keep his statutes.
57 Like their ancestors(CF) they were disloyal and faithless,
    as unreliable as a faulty bow.(CG)
58 They angered him(CH) with their high places;(CI)
    they aroused his jealousy with their idols.(CJ)
59 When God heard(CK) them, he was furious;(CL)
    he rejected Israel(CM) completely.
60 He abandoned the tabernacle of Shiloh,(CN)
    the tent he had set up among humans.(CO)
61 He sent the ark of his might(CP) into captivity,(CQ)
    his splendor into the hands of the enemy.
62 He gave his people over to the sword;(CR)
    he was furious with his inheritance.(CS)
63 Fire consumed(CT) their young men,
    and their young women had no wedding songs;(CU)
64 their priests were put to the sword,(CV)
    and their widows could not weep.

65 Then the Lord awoke as from sleep,(CW)
    as a warrior wakes from the stupor of wine.
66 He beat back his enemies;
    he put them to everlasting shame.(CX)
67 Then he rejected the tents of Joseph,
    he did not choose the tribe of Ephraim;(CY)
68 but he chose the tribe of Judah,(CZ)
    Mount Zion,(DA) which he loved.
69 He built his sanctuary(DB) like the heights,
    like the earth that he established forever.
70 He chose David(DC) his servant
    and took him from the sheep pens;
71 from tending the sheep(DD) he brought him
    to be the shepherd(DE) of his people Jacob,
    of Israel his inheritance.
72 And David shepherded them with integrity of heart;(DF)
    with skillful hands he led them.

Footnotes

  1. Psalm 78:1 Title: Probably a literary or musical term