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and her husband hears about it but remains silent about her when he hears about it, then her vows will stand and her obligations that she has pledged for herself will stand. But if when her husband hears it he overrules her, then he will nullify[a] the vow she has taken,[b] and whatever she uttered impulsively that she has pledged for herself. And the Lord will release her from it.

Vows Made by Widows

“But every vow of a widow or of a divorced woman which she has pledged for herself will remain intact.[c] 10 If she made the vow in her husband’s house or put herself under obligation with an oath, 11 and her husband heard about it, but remained silent about her, and did not overrule her, then all her vows will stand, and every obligation which she pledged for herself will stand. 12 But if her husband clearly nullifies[d] them when he hears them, then whatever she says[e] by way of vows or obligations will not stand. Her husband has made them void, and the Lord will release her from them.

13 “Any vow or sworn obligation that would bring affliction to her,[f] her husband can confirm or nullify.[g] 14 But if her husband remains completely silent[h] about her from day to day, he thus confirms all her vows or all her obligations which she is under; he confirms them because he remained silent about her when he heard them. 15 But if he should nullify them after he has heard them, then he will bear her iniquity.”[i]

16 These are the statutes that the Lord commanded Moses, relating to[j] a man and his wife, and a father and his young daughter who is still living in her father’s house.

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Footnotes

  1. Numbers 30:8 tn The verb is the Hiphil perfect with a vav (ו) consecutive from the verb פָּרַר (parar, “to annul”). The verb functions here as the equivalent of an imperfect tense; here it is the apodosis following the conditional clause—if this is the case, then this is what will happen.
  2. Numbers 30:8 tn Heb “which [she is] under it.”
  3. Numbers 30:9 tn The Hebrew text says her vow “shall stand against her.” In other words, she must fulfill, or bear the consequences of, whatever she vowed.
  4. Numbers 30:12 tn The verb is the imperfect tense in the conditional clause. It is intensified with the infinitive absolute, which would have the force of saying that he nullified them unequivocally, or he made them null and void.
  5. Numbers 30:12 tn Heb whatever proceeds from her lips.”
  6. Numbers 30:13 tn The sentence uses the infinitive construct לְעַנֹּת (leʿannot, “to afflict”), which is the same word used in the instructions for the day of atonement in which people are to afflict themselves (their souls). The case here may be that the woman would take a religious vow on such an occasion to humble herself, to mortify her flesh, to abstain from certain things, perhaps even sexual relations within marriage.
  7. Numbers 30:13 tn Heb “or her husband can nullify.”
  8. Numbers 30:14 tn The sentence uses the infinitive absolute to strengthen the idea.
  9. Numbers 30:15 sn In other words, he will pay the penalty for making her break her vows if he makes her stop what she vowed. It will not be her responsibility.
  10. Numbers 30:16 tn Heb “between.”

and her husband hears about it but says nothing to her, then her vows or the pledges by which she obligated herself will stand. But if her husband(A) forbids her when he hears about it, he nullifies the vow that obligates her or the rash promise by which she obligates herself, and the Lord will release her.(B)

“Any vow or obligation taken by a widow or divorced woman will be binding on her.

10 “If a woman living with her husband makes a vow or obligates herself by a pledge under oath 11 and her husband hears about it but says nothing to her and does not forbid her, then all her vows or the pledges by which she obligated herself will stand. 12 But if her husband nullifies them when he hears about them, then none of the vows or pledges that came from her lips will stand.(C) Her husband has nullified them, and the Lord will release her. 13 Her husband may confirm or nullify any vow she makes or any sworn pledge to deny herself.[a] 14 But if her husband says nothing to her about it from day to day, then he confirms all her vows or the pledges binding on her. He confirms them by saying nothing to her when he hears about them. 15 If, however, he nullifies them(D) some time after he hears about them, then he must bear the consequences of her wrongdoing.”

16 These are the regulations the Lord gave Moses concerning relationships between a man and his wife, and between a father and his young daughter still living at home.

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Footnotes

  1. Numbers 30:13 Or to fast