Luke 2:40-42 New English Translation
40 And the child grew and became strong,[a] filled with wisdom,[b] and the favor[c] of God[d] was upon him.
Jesus in the Temple
41 Now[e] Jesus’[f] parents went to Jerusalem every[g] year for the Feast of the Passover.[h] 42 When[i] he was twelve years old,[j] they went up[k] according to custom.
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- Luke 2:40 tc Most mss (A Θ Ψ ƒ1,13 33 M) read πνεύματι (pneumati, “in spirit”) after “became strong,” but this looks like an assimilation to Luke 1:80. The better witnesses (א B D L N W lat co) lack the word.
- Luke 2:40 sn With the description grew and became strong, filled with wisdom Luke emphasizes the humanity of Jesus and his growth toward maturity.
- Luke 2:40 tn Or “grace.”
- Luke 2:40 sn On the phrase the favor of God see Luke 1:66.
- Luke 2:41 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.
- Luke 2:41 tn Grk “his”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Luke 2:41 tn On the distributive use of the term κατά (kata), see BDF §305.
- Luke 2:41 sn The custom of Jesus and his family going to Jerusalem every year for the Feast of the Passover shows their piety in obeying the law (Exod 23:14-17).
- Luke 2:42 tn Grk “And when.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
- Luke 2:42 sn According to the Mishnah, the age of twelve years old is one year before a boy becomes responsible for his religious commitments (m. Niddah 5.6).
- Luke 2:42 tc Most mss, especially later ones (A Cvid Θ Ψ 0130 ƒ1,13 33 M lat) have εἰς ῾Ιεροσόλυμα (eis hierosoluma, “to Jerusalem”) here, but the ms support for the omission is much stronger (א B D L W 579 1241 co); further, the longer reading clarifies what they went up to and thus looks like a motivated reading.
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