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Approach the altar,” Moses then told Aaron, “and make your purification offering and your burnt offering in atonement for yourself and for your household;[a] then make the offering of the people in atonement for them, as the Lord has commanded.”(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 9:7 For your household: unlike the Septuagint, the Hebrew reads be‘ad ha‘am, “for the people.”

20 The priest shall offer the burnt offering(A) and the grain offering on the altar before the Lord. Thus shall the priest make atonement for the person, and the individual will become clean.

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And when each feast had run its course, Job would send for them and sanctify them, rising early and offering sacrifices for every one of them. For Job said, “It may be that my children have sinned and cursed[a] God in their hearts.” Job did this habitually.

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Footnotes

  1. 1:5 Cursed: lit., “blessed.” So also in v. 11; 2:5, 9.

So now take seven bulls and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and sacrifice a burnt offering for yourselves, and let my servant Job pray for you.[a] To him I will show favor, and not punish your folly, for you have not spoken rightly concerning me, as has my servant Job.”

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Footnotes

  1. 42:8 An ironic touch: Job becomes the intercessor for his friends.

21 and also tell him, ‘Your servant Jacob is right behind us.’” For Jacob reasoned, “If I first appease him with a gift that precedes me, then later, when I face him, perhaps he will forgive me.”

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36 (A)sacrificing a bull each day as a purification offering, to make atonement. Thus you shall purify the altar[a] by purging it, and you shall anoint it in order to consecrate it. 37 Seven days you shall spend in purging the altar and in consecrating it. Then the altar will be most sacred, and whatever touches it will become sacred.

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Footnotes

  1. 29:36–37 Purify the altar: the purpose of the purification offering here is to cleanse, or purify, the newly constructed altar of any defilement resulting from presumably minor and inadvertent sins, but the text is not explicit about what the offenses were or who committed them. So various theories have been proposed to explain the cause of the altar’s contamination. Note, however, that the offering appears to be demanded of Aaron and his sons; they are the ones who lay hands upon it (v. 10).

15 The rich need not give more, nor shall the poor give less, than a half-shekel in this contribution to the Lord to pay the ransom for their lives.

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16 Thus he shall purge the inner sanctuary[a] of all the Israelites’ impurities and trespasses, including all their sins. He shall do the same for the tent of meeting,(A) which is set up among them in the midst of their uncleanness. 17 No one else may be in the tent of meeting from the time he enters the inner sanctuary to make atonement until he departs. When he has made atonement for himself and his household, as well as for the whole Israelite assembly, 18 [b]he shall come out to the altar before the Lord and purge it also. Taking some of the bull’s and the goat’s blood, he shall put it on the horns around the altar, 19 and with his finger sprinkle some of the blood on it seven times.(B) Thus he shall purify it and sanctify it from the impurities of the Israelites.

The Scapegoat. 20 When he has finished purging the inner sanctuary, the tent of meeting and the altar, Aaron shall bring forward the live goat.

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Footnotes

  1. 16:16 Inner sanctuary: this refers to the most holy room (vv. 2, 11–15). Trespasses, including all their sins: the term for “trespasses” (Heb. pesha‘im), which has overtones of rebellion, and the phrase “all their sins” indicate that even sins committed intentionally are included (such as when the sinner “acts defiantly,” as in Nm 15:30–31). This complements the scheme found in Lv 4 (see note on 4:3): intentional sins pollute the sanctuary more and penetrate even further than inadvertent sins, namely to the most holy place. The same for the tent of meeting: this rite may be that found in 4:5–7, 16–18 where blood is sprinkled in the anterior room and blood is placed on the horns of the incense altar there. Cf. Ex 30:10.
  2. 16:18–19 Thus a third locale in the sanctuary complex, the open-air altar, is purified. See the summaries in 16:20, 33.

11 since the life of the flesh is in the blood,(A) and I have given it to you to make atonement[a] on the altar for yourselves, because it is the blood as life that makes atonement.

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Footnotes

  1. 17:11 To make atonement: this is probably to be understood in the context of liability for shedding animal blood (cf. v. 4). Placing the blood on the altar exonerates the slaughterer from guilt for the killing. See note on 16:6.

20 You shall take some of its blood and smear it on the four horns of the altar, and on the four corners of the ledge, and all around its rim. Thus you shall purify and purge it.(A)

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26 for seven days. Thus they shall purge the altar, in order to cleanse and dedicate it.

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