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Leviticus 5
Lexham English Bible

More Laws Regarding Sin Offerings

5 “‘When a person[a] sins in that[b] he hears the utterance of a curse and he is a witness or he sees or he knows, if he does not make it known, then[c] he shall bear his guilt. 2 Or if a person[d] touches anything unclean, whether[e] an unclean wild[f] animal’s dead body or an unclean domestic animal’s dead body or an unclean swarmer’s dead body, but[g] he is unaware of it,[h] he is unclean and he is guilty. 3 Or when he touches human uncleanness, namely[i] any uncleanness of his by which he might become unclean, but[j] he is unaware of it,[k] and he himself finds out, then[l] he will be guilty. 4 Or when a person[m] swears, speaking thoughtlessly with his lips, to do evil or to do good with regard to[n] anything that the person[o] in a sworn oath speaks thoughtlessly, but[p] he is unaware of it,[q] he will be guilty in any of[r] these. 5 When he becomes guilty in any of[s] these, he shall confess[t] what he has sinned regarding[u] it, 6 and he shall bring his guilt offering to[v] Yahweh for his sin that he has committed:[w] a female from the flock,[x] a ewe-lamb or a she-goat,[y] as a sin offering, and the priest shall make atonement for him for[z] his sin.

7 “‘If[aa] he cannot afford a sheep,[ab] he shall bring as his guilt offering for what he sinned two turtledoves or two young doves[ac] for Yahweh, one for a sin offering and one for a burnt offering. 8 He shall bring[ad] them to the priest, and he shall present that which is for the sin offering first, and the priest[ae] shall wring its head off at the back of its neck,[af] but[ag] he must not sever it, 9 and he shall spatter some of[ah] the sin offering’s blood on the altar’s side, and the leftover blood must be drained out on the altar’s base; it is a sin offering. 10 The second[ai] bird he must prepare as a burnt offering according to the regulation, and the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin that he has committed,[aj] and he shall be forgiven.

11 “‘But[ak] if he cannot afford[al] two turtledoves or two young doves,[am] then,[an] because he has sinned, he shall bring as his offering a tenth of an[ao] ephah of finely milled flour as a sin offering. He must not put[ap] oil on it, nor should he put frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering. 12 He shall bring[aq] it to the priest, and the priest shall take a handful of it[ar] for its token portion, and he shall turn it to smoke on the altar in addition to[as] the offerings made by fire to Yahweh; it is a sin offering. 13 Thus[at] the priest shall make atonement for him because of the sin that he has committed[au] in any of these,[av] and he shall be forgiven. It shall be[aw] for the priest, like the grain offering.’”

Laws for Guilt Offerings

14 Then[ax] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 15 “When a person[ay] displays infidelity[az] and he sins in an unintentional wrong in any of[ba] Yahweh’s holy things, then[bb] he shall bring his guilt offering to[bc] Yahweh: a ram without defect from the flock[bd] as a guilt offering by your valuation in silver shekels[be] according to the sanctuary shekel. 16 And he shall make restitution for what he sinned because of[bf] a holy thing and shall add one-fifth of its value[bg] onto it and shall give it to the priest. The priest[bh] shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.

17 “If[bi] a person[bj] when he sins violates[bk] one from all of Yahweh’s commands that should not be violated,[bl] but[bm] he did not know, then[bn] he is guilty and he shall bear his guilt. 18 He shall bring[bo] to the priest a ram without defect from the flock[bp] as a guilt offering by your valuation, and the priest shall make atonement for him because of his unintentional wrong (although[bq] he himself did not know), and he will be forgiven. 19 It is a guilt offering; he certainly was guilty before Yahweh.”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 5:1 Or “a soul”
  2. Leviticus 5:1 Or “and”
  3. Leviticus 5:1 Or “and”
  4. Leviticus 5:2 Or “a soul”
  5. Leviticus 5:2 Literally “or”
  6. Leviticus 5:2 Implied by the following phrase specifying domestic animals
  7. Leviticus 5:2 Or “and”
  8. Leviticus 5:2 Literally “it is concealed from him”
  9. Leviticus 5:3 Literally “for” or “to” (see HALOT 510)
  10. Leviticus 5:3 Or “and”
  11. Leviticus 5:3 Literally “it is concealed from him”
  12. Leviticus 5:3 Or “and”
  13. Leviticus 5:4 Or “a soul”
  14. Leviticus 5:4 Literally “for” or “to” (see HALOT 510)
  15. Leviticus 5:4 Literally “the man”
  16. Leviticus 5:4 Or “and”
  17. Leviticus 5:4 Literally “it is concealed from him”
  18. Leviticus 5:4 Literally “for one of”
  19. Leviticus 5:5 Literally “for one of”
  20. Leviticus 5:5 Or “and he shall confess”
  21. Leviticus 5:5 Literally “upon” or “against”
  22. Leviticus 5:6 Or “for”
  23. Leviticus 5:6 Literally “sinned”
  24. Leviticus 5:6 The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals)
  25. Leviticus 5:6 Literally “a she-goat of goats”
  26. Leviticus 5:6 Hebrew “from”
  27. Leviticus 5:7 Or “And if”
  28. Leviticus 5:7 Literally “his hand does not touch enough of small livestock”
  29. Leviticus 5:7 Literally “sons of dove” or “children of dove”
  30. Leviticus 5:8 Or “And he shall bring”
  31. Leviticus 5:8 Required by the previous action (see NET)
  32. Leviticus 5:8 Literally “from opposite its neck”
  33. Leviticus 5:8 Or “and”
  34. Leviticus 5:9 Literally “from”
  35. Leviticus 5:10 Or “And the second”
  36. Leviticus 5:10 Literally “sinned”
  37. Leviticus 5:11 Or “And”
  38. Leviticus 5:11 Literally “his hand cannot produce for”
  39. Leviticus 5:11 Literally “sons of dove” or “children of dove”
  40. Leviticus 5:11 Or “and”
  41. Leviticus 5:11 Hebrew “the”
  42. Leviticus 5:11 Or “And he must not put”
  43. Leviticus 5:12 Or “And he shall bring”
  44. Leviticus 5:12 Literally “shall scoop up from it the fullness of his handful”
  45. Leviticus 5:12 Literally “on” or “upon”
  46. Leviticus 5:13 Or “And”
  47. Leviticus 5:13 Literally “sinned”
  48. Leviticus 5:13 Literally “from one from these”
  49. Leviticus 5:13 Or “And it shall be”
  50. Leviticus 5:14 Or “And”
  51. Leviticus 5:15 Or “a soul”
  52. Leviticus 5:15 Literally “acts unfaithfully infidelity” or “is unfaithful in unfaithfulness”
  53. Leviticus 5:15 Literally “from”
  54. Leviticus 5:15 Or “and”
  55. Leviticus 5:15 Or “for”
  56. Leviticus 5:15 The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals)
  57. Leviticus 5:15 Or “convertible into silver shekels” (NET, NRSV, TNK), “of the proper value in silver” (NIV; cp. ESV “valued in silver shekels,” CSB), or “or you may buy one of equal value with silver” (NLT)
  58. Leviticus 5:16 Literally “from” (see HALOT 598)
  59. Leviticus 5:16 Literally “it”
  60. Leviticus 5:16 Or “And the priest”
  61. Leviticus 5:17 Or “And if”
  62. Leviticus 5:17 Or “a soul”
  63. Leviticus 5:17 Literally “and she/it does”
  64. Leviticus 5:17 Literally “they are to be done”
  65. Leviticus 5:17 Or “and”
  66. Leviticus 5:17 Or “and”
  67. Leviticus 5:18 Or “And he shall bring”
  68. Leviticus 5:18 The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals)
  69. Leviticus 5:18 Or “and”
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Leviticus 5
New International Version

5 “‘If anyone sins because they do not speak up when they hear a public charge to testify(A) regarding something they have seen or learned about, they will be held responsible.(B)

2 “‘If anyone becomes aware that they are guilty—if they unwittingly touch anything ceremonially unclean (whether the carcass of an unclean animal, wild or domestic, or of any unclean creature that moves along the ground)(C) and they are unaware that they have become unclean,(D) but then they come to realize their guilt; 3 or if they touch human uncleanness(E) (anything that would make them unclean)(F) even though they are unaware of it, but then they learn of it and realize their guilt; 4 or if anyone thoughtlessly takes an oath(G) to do anything, whether good or evil(H) (in any matter one might carelessly swear about) even though they are unaware of it, but then they learn of it and realize their guilt— 5 when anyone becomes aware that they are guilty in any of these matters, they must confess(I) in what way they have sinned. 6 As a penalty for the sin they have committed, they must bring to the Lord a female lamb or goat(J) from the flock as a sin offering[a];(K) and the priest shall make atonement(L) for them for their sin.

7 “‘Anyone who cannot afford(M) a lamb(N) is to bring two doves or two young pigeons(O) to the Lord as a penalty for their sin—one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. 8 They are to bring them to the priest, who shall first offer the one for the sin offering. He is to wring its head from its neck,(P) not dividing it completely,(Q) 9 and is to splash(R) some of the blood of the sin offering against the side of the altar;(S) the rest of the blood must be drained out at the base of the altar.(T) It is a sin offering. 10 The priest shall then offer the other as a burnt offering in the prescribed way(U) and make atonement(V) for them for the sin they have committed, and they will be forgiven.(W)

11 “‘If, however, they cannot afford(X) two doves or two young pigeons,(Y) they are to bring as an offering for their sin a tenth of an ephah[b](Z) of the finest flour(AA) for a sin offering. They must not put olive oil or incense on it, because it is a sin offering. 12 They are to bring it to the priest, who shall take a handful of it as a memorial[c] portion(AB) and burn it on the altar(AC) on top of the food offerings presented to the Lord. It is a sin offering. 13 In this way the priest will make atonement(AD) for them for any of these sins they have committed, and they will be forgiven. The rest of the offering will belong to the priest,(AE) as in the case of the grain offering.(AF)’”

The Guilt Offering

14 The Lord said to Moses: 15 “When anyone is unfaithful to the Lord by sinning unintentionally(AG) in regard to any of the Lord’s holy things, they are to bring to the Lord as a penalty(AH) a ram(AI) from the flock, one without defect and of the proper value in silver, according to the sanctuary shekel.[d](AJ) It is a guilt offering.(AK) 16 They must make restitution(AL) for what they have failed to do in regard to the holy things, pay an additional penalty of a fifth of its value(AM) and give it all to the priest. The priest will make atonement for them with the ram as a guilt offering, and they will be forgiven.

17 “If anyone sins and does what is forbidden in any of the Lord’s commands, even though they do not know it,(AN) they are guilty and will be held responsible.(AO) 18 They are to bring to the priest as a guilt offering(AP) a ram from the flock, one without defect and of the proper value. In this way the priest will make atonement for them for the wrong they have committed unintentionally, and they will be forgiven.(AQ) 19 It is a guilt offering; they have been guilty of[e] wrongdoing against the Lord.”(AR)

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 5:6 Or purification offering; here and throughout this chapter
  2. Leviticus 5:11 That is, probably about 3 1/2 pounds or about 1.6 kilograms
  3. Leviticus 5:12 Or representative
  4. Leviticus 5:15 That is, about 2/5 ounce or about 12 grams
  5. Leviticus 5:19 Or offering; atonement has been made for their
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