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“Speak to the people of Israel, saying, (A)These are the living things that you may eat among all the animals that are on the earth. Whatever parts the hoof and is cloven-footed and chews the cud, among the animals, you may eat. Nevertheless, among those that chew the cud or part the hoof, you shall not eat these: The camel, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. And the (B)rock badger, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. And the hare, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. And the pig, because it parts the hoof and is cloven-footed but does not chew the cud, (C)is unclean to you. You shall not eat any of their flesh, and you shall not touch their carcasses; they are unclean to you.

“These you may eat, of all that are in the waters. Everything in the waters that has fins and scales, whether in the seas or in the rivers, you may eat. 10 But anything in the seas or the rivers that has not fins and scales, of the swarming creatures in the waters and of the living creatures that are in the waters, is (D)detestable to you. 11 You shall regard them as detestable; you shall not eat any of their flesh, and you shall detest their carcasses. 12 Everything in the waters that has not fins and scales is detestable to you.

13 “And these you shall detest among the birds;[a] they shall not be eaten; they are (E)detestable: (F)the eagle,[b] the bearded vulture, the black vulture, 14 the kite, (G)the falcon of any kind, 15 every raven of any kind, 16 the ostrich, the nighthawk, the seagull, the (H)hawk of any kind, 17 the (I)little owl, the cormorant, the (J)short-eared owl, 18 the barn owl, the (K)tawny owl, the carrion vulture, 19 the stork, the heron of any kind, the hoopoe, and (L)the bat.

20 “All winged insects that go on all fours are detestable to you. 21 Yet among the winged insects that go on all fours you may eat those that have jointed legs above their feet, with which to hop on the ground. 22 Of them you may eat: (M)the locust of any kind, the bald locust of any kind, the cricket of any kind, and the grasshopper of any kind. 23 But all other winged insects that have four feet are detestable to you.

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Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 11:13 Or things that fly; compare Genesis 1:20
  2. Leviticus 11:13 The identity of many of these birds is uncertain

“Say to the Israelites: ‘Of all the animals that live on land, these are the ones you may eat:(A) You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud.

“‘There are some that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, but you must not eat them.(B) The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is ceremonially unclean for you. The hyrax, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. The rabbit, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. And the pig,(C) though it has a divided hoof, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you. You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.(D)

“‘Of all the creatures living in the water of the seas and the streams you may eat any that have fins and scales. 10 But all creatures in the seas or streams that do not have fins and scales—whether among all the swarming things or among all the other living creatures in the water—you are to regard as unclean.(E) 11 And since you are to regard them as unclean, you must not eat their meat; you must regard their carcasses as unclean.(F) 12 Anything living in the water that does not have fins and scales is to be regarded as unclean by you.(G)

13 “‘These are the birds you are to regard as unclean and not eat because they are unclean: the eagle,[a] the vulture, the black vulture, 14 the red kite, any kind(H) of black kite, 15 any kind of raven,(I) 16 the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 17 the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl, 18 the white owl,(J) the desert owl, the osprey, 19 the stork,(K) any kind(L) of heron, the hoopoe and the bat.(M)

20 “‘All flying insects that walk on all fours are to be regarded as unclean by you.(N) 21 There are, however, some flying insects that walk on all fours that you may eat: those that have jointed legs for hopping on the ground. 22 Of these you may eat any kind of locust,(O) katydid, cricket or grasshopper. 23 But all other flying insects that have four legs you are to regard as unclean.

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Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 11:13 The precise identification of some of the birds, insects and animals in this chapter is uncertain.