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27 John answered and said, “No one can receive anything except what has been given him from heaven.(A)

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18 No one takes it from me, but I lay it down on my own. I have power to lay it down, and power to take it up again.[a] This command I have received from my Father.”(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 10:18 Power to take it up again: contrast the role of the Father as the efficient cause of the resurrection in Acts 2:24; 4:10; etc.; Rom 1:4; 4:24. Yet even here is added: This command I have received from my Father.

Chapter 13

Obedience to Authority.[a] Let every person be subordinate to the higher authorities, for there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been established by God.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 13:1–7 Paul must come to grips with the problem raised by a message that declares people free from the law. How are they to relate to Roman authority? The problem was exacerbated by the fact that imperial protocol was interwoven with devotion to various deities. Paul builds on the traditional instruction exhibited in Wis 6:1–3, according to which kings and magistrates rule by consent of God. From this perspective, then, believers who render obedience to the governing authorities are obeying the one who is highest in command. At the same time, it is recognized that Caesar has the responsibility to make just ordinances and to commend uprightness; cf. Wis 6:4–21. That Caesar is not entitled to obedience when such obedience would nullify God’s prior claim to the believers’ moral decision becomes clear in the light of the following verses.