Add parallel Print Page Options

41 Eternal One: Now let us not stop here.
    What of Leviathan?
    Can you haul it in on the end of a hook
        or strap down its tongue with your line?

In modern times, a leviathan is understood as something large and formidable. It may apply to an abstract entity, such as a totalitarian state, or to an actual monster, such as Captain Nemo’s giant squid. That modern idea is based on an ancient creation myth. Psalm 74 alludes to God’s conquest of Leviathan, a seven-headed monster that breathed fire, before His creation of the world. Leviathan was the master of chaos, living somewhere in the deep along with Rahab, another sea monster. The story goes that God chopped off six of Leviathan’s heads and imprisoned it in the deepest parts of the ocean, where it remains today. Leviathan creeps up occasionally in the Bible as a terrifying adversary, most notably in Revelation where it is described as a dragon or beast that comes up out of the sea and is specifically identified as Satan (Revelation 12:9; 13:1-3). So Leviathan will get another chance to fight God, but once again it will fall to the One who brought divine order to chaos.

    Will you subdue it with a fragile reed through its nose
        or pierce its jaw with a hook?
    Do you imagine it will beg you endlessly for mercy
        or lower its voice to a whisper when speaking to you?
    Will it strike a deal with you
        and enter into your service as a lifelong slave?
    Will you play with it as you would a pet bird
        or put it on a leash for your girls?
    Will traders haggle over its price
        and others seek to divide it up among the merchants?
    Can you fill its hide with harpoons
        or its head with fishing spears?
    If you are able to lay a hand on it,
    You will remember the struggle all of your days,
        and you will never do it again.
    Now look, any expectation you could subdue it will be shattered.
        Just the sight of it is enough to overpower you.
10     No one is fierce enough to dare disturb it.
        So is there anyone in all the earth who dares to stand up to Me?
11     Who could ever confront Me and force Me to repay him?
        Everything and everyone under heaven is Mine![a]

12     I will not be silent regarding Leviathan’s powerful limbs,
        its enormous strength, or its beautiful form.
13     Who can reveal what is under its outer armor covering
        or penetrate down through its double coat of mail?
14     Who can pry open its enormous jaws?
        Remember: its teeth are a terror from every angle.
15     Its back is covered with rows of shields
        that overlap and shut with a tight seal—
16     One against another,
        so close that no wind passes between them.
17     They are joined to one another,
        inseparably locked.
18     When it sneezes, light flashes from its nostrils;
        its eyes are like the rays of the morning sun.
19     Fire streams from its mouth
        as fiery sparks fly outward.
20     Smoke pours from its nostrils
        as from a boiling pot or a brush fire.
21     Its searing breath sets coals ablaze;
        its flaming tongue darts from its mouth.
22     Leviathan’s neck bristles with raw power;
        terror dances before him.
23     The creases in its flesh fuse together:
        firm, fixed, immovable.
24     Its heart is rock hard,
        as hard as a lower millstone, impervious to grinding.
25     When the beast rises up and moves near, the mighty ones shudder in fear;
        when it crashes down, they retreat.
26     The sword that reaches it may strike but to no effect,
        so, too, the spear, the dart, and the lance.
27     For it treats iron as straw
        and bronze as rotten wood.
28     The arrow cannot force its retreat,
        and the stone from the sling shatters on impact.
29     A club is no more dangerous to it than a piece of straw;
        it taunts and laughs at the rattling lance.
30     Its underbelly is as sharp as broken pottery shards;
        it easily dredges a channel in the mud behind it.
31     It brings the deep to a rolling boil like a pot over a hot fire;
        in its course it stirs the sea like a pot of ointment.
32     Behind it, the wake is bright and shining,
        as if the sea has long white hair.
33     Nothing on earth is its equal,
        this creature fashioned without fear.
34     It looks upon all the high and mighty
        this king over the children of pride.

Footnotes

  1. 41:11 Romans 11:35

41 [a]“Can you pull in Leviathan(A) with a fishhook(B)
    or tie down its tongue with a rope?
Can you put a cord through its nose(C)
    or pierce its jaw with a hook?(D)
Will it keep begging you for mercy?(E)
    Will it speak to you with gentle words?
Will it make an agreement with you
    for you to take it as your slave for life?(F)
Can you make a pet of it like a bird
    or put it on a leash for the young women in your house?
Will traders barter for it?
    Will they divide it up among the merchants?
Can you fill its hide with harpoons
    or its head with fishing spears?(G)
If you lay a hand on it,
    you will remember the struggle and never do it again!(H)
Any hope of subduing it is false;
    the mere sight of it is overpowering.(I)
10 No one is fierce enough to rouse it.(J)
    Who then is able to stand against me?(K)
11 Who has a claim against me that I must pay?(L)
    Everything under heaven belongs to me.(M)

12 “I will not fail to speak of Leviathan’s limbs,(N)
    its strength(O) and its graceful form.
13 Who can strip off its outer coat?
    Who can penetrate its double coat of armor[b]?(P)
14 Who dares open the doors of its mouth,(Q)
    ringed about with fearsome teeth?
15 Its back has[c] rows of shields
    tightly sealed together;(R)
16 each is so close to the next
    that no air can pass between.
17 They are joined fast to one another;
    they cling together and cannot be parted.
18 Its snorting throws out flashes of light;
    its eyes are like the rays of dawn.(S)
19 Flames(T) stream from its mouth;
    sparks of fire shoot out.
20 Smoke pours from its nostrils(U)
    as from a boiling pot over burning reeds.
21 Its breath(V) sets coals ablaze,
    and flames dart from its mouth.(W)
22 Strength(X) resides in its neck;
    dismay goes before it.
23 The folds of its flesh are tightly joined;
    they are firm and immovable.
24 Its chest is hard as rock,
    hard as a lower millstone.(Y)
25 When it rises up, the mighty are terrified;(Z)
    they retreat before its thrashing.(AA)
26 The sword that reaches it has no effect,
    nor does the spear or the dart or the javelin.(AB)
27 Iron it treats like straw(AC)
    and bronze like rotten wood.
28 Arrows do not make it flee;(AD)
    slingstones are like chaff to it.
29 A club seems to it but a piece of straw;(AE)
    it laughs(AF) at the rattling of the lance.
30 Its undersides are jagged potsherds,
    leaving a trail in the mud like a threshing sledge.(AG)
31 It makes the depths churn like a boiling caldron(AH)
    and stirs up the sea like a pot of ointment.(AI)
32 It leaves a glistening wake behind it;
    one would think the deep had white hair.
33 Nothing on earth is its equal(AJ)
    a creature without fear.
34 It looks down on all that are haughty;(AK)
    it is king over all that are proud.(AL)

Footnotes

  1. Job 41:1 In Hebrew texts 41:1-8 is numbered 40:25-32, and 41:9-34 is numbered 41:1-26.
  2. Job 41:13 Septuagint; Hebrew double bridle
  3. Job 41:15 Or Its pride is its