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New Light: The Birth of a King

[a] But there will be no gloom for those who were in distress.[b]

In former times he[c] treated the land of Zebulun and Naphtali with contempt, but in the future he will honor the way of the sea beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations.

The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light;
    light has shined on those who lived in a land of darkness.
You have made the nation numerous;
    you have not[d] made the joy great.
They rejoice in your presence as with joy at the harvest,
    as they rejoice when they divide plunder.
For you have shattered the yoke of its burden
    and the stick of its shoulder,
    the rod of its oppressor, on[e] the day of Midian.
For every boot that marches and shakes the earth[f]
    and garment rolled in blood
will[g] be for burning—fire fuel.
For a child has been born for us;
    a son has been given to us.
And the dominion will be on his shoulder,
    and his name is called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,
        Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.
His dominion will grow continually,
    and to peace there will be no end[h]
on[i] the throne of David and over[j] his kingdom,
    to establish it[k] and sustain it
with justice and righteousness
    now and forever.
The zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do this.

Yahweh’s Anger against Arrogance

The Lord has sent out a word against Jacob,
    and it fell on Israel.
And all of the people knew it,
    Ephraim and the inhabitants of Samaria
in pride and arrogance of heart, saying,
10 The bricks have fallen, but we will build with dressed stone.
    The sycamore-fig trees were felled, but we will replace them with cedars.”
11 So Yahweh strengthened the adversaries of Rezin[l] against him,
    and he provoked his enemies—
12 Aram from the east
    and Philistines[m] from the west—
and they devoured Israel with the whole mouth.
He has not turned away his anger in all of this,
    and his hand is still stretched out.
13 And the people did not turn to the one who struck it,[n]
    and they did not seek Yahweh of hosts.
14 So Yahweh cut off head and tail from Israel,
    palm branch and reed in one day.
15 Elders[o] and the respectable[p] are the head,
    and prophets[q] who teach lies[r] are the tail.
16 And the leaders of this people were misleading them,
    and those who were led were confused.
17 Therefore the Lord did not rejoice over its young men,
    and he did not have compassion on its orphans and widows,
for everyone was godless and an evildoer,
    and every mouth was speaking folly.
In all of this his anger did not turn away,
    and still his hand is stretched out.
18 For wickedness burned like fire;
    it consumed brier and thorn.
And it kindled the thickets of the forest,
    and they swirled upward in a column of smoke.
19 The land was burned through the wrath of Yahweh of hosts,
    and the people became like fire fuel.
People had no compassion toward each other.[s]
20 They devoured on the right but still were hungry
    and devoured on the left but they were not satisfied.
Each one devoured the flesh of his arm,
21     Manasseh devoured Ephraim, and Ephraim Manasseh;
        together they were against Judah.
In all of this his anger has not turned away,
    and still his hand is stretched out.

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 9:1 Isaiah 9:1–21 in the English Bible is 8:23–9:20 in the Hebrew Bible
  2. Isaiah 9:1 Literally “Indeed there is no gloom for the one to whom there was anxiety for her”
  3. Isaiah 9:1 That is, Yahweh
  4. Isaiah 9:3 The written text (Kethib) is “not,” but the reading tradition (Qere) is “for it”
  5. Isaiah 9:4 Hebrew “like”; the Hebrew letters for “like” and “on” look alike
  6. Isaiah 9:5 Literally “marching with shaking,” which might mean “marching is with shaking”
  7. Isaiah 9:5 Literally “and it will”
  8. Isaiah 9:7 Literally “There is no end to the increase of the dominion and to peace”
  9. Isaiah 9:7 Or “for”
  10. Isaiah 9:7 Or “for”
  11. Isaiah 9:7 That is, the kingdom
  12. Isaiah 9:11 Or “his adversaries” if a copyist added “of Rezin” in error
  13. Isaiah 9:12 Hebrew “Philistine”
  14. Isaiah 9:13 That is, the people
  15. Isaiah 9:15 Hebrew “Elder”
  16. Isaiah 9:15 Literally “one lifted up of face”
  17. Isaiah 9:15 Hebrew “prophet”
  18. Isaiah 9:15 Hebrew “lie”
  19. Isaiah 9:19 Literally “A man does not have compassion toward his brother”

[a]Nevertheless, there will be no more gloom(A) for those who were in distress. In the past he humbled the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali,(B) but in the future he will honor Galilee of the nations, by the Way of the Sea, beyond the Jordan—

The people walking in darkness(C)
    have seen a great light;(D)
on those living in the land of deep darkness(E)
    a light has dawned.(F)
You have enlarged the nation(G)
    and increased their joy;(H)
they rejoice before you
    as people rejoice at the harvest,
as warriors rejoice
    when dividing the plunder.(I)
For as in the day of Midian’s defeat,(J)
    you have shattered(K)
the yoke(L) that burdens them,
    the bar across their shoulders,(M)
    the rod of their oppressor.(N)
Every warrior’s boot used in battle
    and every garment rolled in blood
will be destined for burning,(O)
    will be fuel for the fire.
For to us a child is born,(P)
    to us a son is given,(Q)
    and the government(R) will be on his shoulders.(S)
And he will be called
    Wonderful Counselor,(T) Mighty God,(U)
    Everlasting(V) Father,(W) Prince of Peace.(X)
Of the greatness of his government(Y) and peace(Z)
    there will be no end.(AA)
He will reign(AB) on David’s throne
    and over his kingdom,
establishing and upholding it
    with justice(AC) and righteousness(AD)
    from that time on and forever.(AE)
The zeal(AF) of the Lord Almighty
    will accomplish this.

The Lord’s Anger Against Israel

The Lord has sent a message(AG) against Jacob;
    it will fall on Israel.
All the people will know it—
    Ephraim(AH) and the inhabitants of Samaria(AI)
who say with pride
    and arrogance(AJ) of heart,
10 “The bricks have fallen down,
    but we will rebuild with dressed stone;(AK)
the fig(AL) trees have been felled,
    but we will replace them with cedars.(AM)
11 But the Lord has strengthened Rezin’s(AN) foes against them
    and has spurred their enemies on.
12 Arameans(AO) from the east and Philistines(AP) from the west
    have devoured(AQ) Israel with open mouth.

Yet for all this, his anger(AR) is not turned away,
    his hand is still upraised.(AS)

13 But the people have not returned(AT) to him who struck(AU) them,
    nor have they sought(AV) the Lord Almighty.
14 So the Lord will cut off from Israel both head and tail,
    both palm branch and reed(AW) in a single day;(AX)
15 the elders(AY) and dignitaries(AZ) are the head,
    the prophets(BA) who teach lies(BB) are the tail.
16 Those who guide(BC) this people mislead them,
    and those who are guided are led astray.(BD)
17 Therefore the Lord will take no pleasure in the young men,(BE)
    nor will he pity(BF) the fatherless and widows,
for everyone is ungodly(BG) and wicked,(BH)
    every mouth speaks folly.(BI)

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,
    his hand is still upraised.(BJ)

18 Surely wickedness burns like a fire;(BK)
    it consumes briers and thorns,(BL)
it sets the forest thickets ablaze,(BM)
    so that it rolls upward in a column of smoke.
19 By the wrath(BN) of the Lord Almighty
    the land will be scorched(BO)
and the people will be fuel for the fire;(BP)
    they will not spare one another.(BQ)
20 On the right they will devour,
    but still be hungry;(BR)
on the left they will eat,(BS)
    but not be satisfied.
Each will feed on the flesh of their own offspring[b]:
21     Manasseh will feed on Ephraim, and Ephraim on Manasseh;(BT)
    together they will turn against Judah.(BU)

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,
    his hand is still upraised.(BV)

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 9:1 In Hebrew texts 9:1 is numbered 8:23, and 9:2-21 is numbered 9:1-20.
  2. Isaiah 9:20 Or arm

Nevertheless the dimness shall not be such as was in her vexation, when at the first he lightly afflicted the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, and afterward did more grievously afflict her by the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, in Galilee of the nations.

The people that walked in darkness have seen a great light: they that dwell in the land of the shadow of death, upon them hath the light shined.

Thou hast multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, and as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.

For thou hast broken the yoke of his burden, and the staff of his shoulder, the rod of his oppressor, as in the day of Midian.

For every battle of the warrior is with confused noise, and garments rolled in blood; but this shall be with burning and fuel of fire.

For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.

Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will perform this.

The Lord sent a word into Jacob, and it hath lighted upon Israel.

And all the people shall know, even Ephraim and the inhabitant of Samaria, that say in the pride and stoutness of heart,

10 The bricks are fallen down, but we will build with hewn stones: the sycomores are cut down, but we will change them into cedars.

11 Therefore the Lord shall set up the adversaries of Rezin against him, and join his enemies together;

12 The Syrians before, and the Philistines behind; and they shall devour Israel with open mouth. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.

13 For the people turneth not unto him that smiteth them, neither do they seek the Lord of hosts.

14 Therefore the Lord will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day.

15 The ancient and honourable, he is the head; and the prophet that teacheth lies, he is the tail.

16 For the leaders of this people cause them to err; and they that are led of them are destroyed.

17 Therefore the Lord shall have no joy in their young men, neither shall have mercy on their fatherless and widows: for every one is an hypocrite and an evildoer, and every mouth speaketh folly. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.

18 For wickedness burneth as the fire: it shall devour the briers and thorns, and shall kindle in the thickets of the forest, and they shall mount up like the lifting up of smoke.

19 Through the wrath of the Lord of hosts is the land darkened, and the people shall be as the fuel of the fire: no man shall spare his brother.

20 And he shall snatch on the right hand, and be hungry; and he shall eat on the left hand, and they shall not be satisfied: they shall eat every man the flesh of his own arm:

21 Manasseh, Ephraim; and Ephraim, Manasseh: and they together shall be against Judah. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still.