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Wild oxen shall be struck down with fatlings,
    and bullocks with bulls;
Their land shall be soaked with blood,
    and their soil greasy with fat.
[a]For the Lord has a day of vengeance,
    a year of requital for the cause of Zion.(A)
Edom’s streams shall be changed into pitch,
    its soil into sulfur,
    and its land shall become burning pitch;

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Footnotes

  1. 34:8–17 The extreme hostility against Edom in this passage is reflected in a number of other prophetic texts from the seventh and sixth centuries B.C. (cf. e.g., 63:1–6; Jer 49:7–22; Ez 25:12–14). The animus was probably prompted by Edomite infiltration of the southern territories of Judah, especially after the Babylonian conquest of Judah.

And the wild oxen(A) will fall with them,
    the bull calves and the great bulls.(B)
Their land will be drenched with blood,(C)
    and the dust will be soaked with fat.

For the Lord has a day(D) of vengeance,(E)
    a year of retribution,(F) to uphold Zion’s cause.
Edom’s streams will be turned into pitch,
    her dust into burning sulfur;(G)
    her land will become blazing pitch!

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