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19 By the sweat of your brow
    you shall eat bread,
Until you return to the ground,
    from which you were taken;
For you are dust,
    and to dust you shall return.(A)

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27 Abraham spoke up again: “See how I am presuming to speak to my Lord, though I am only dust and ashes!(A)

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You made Adam, and you made his wife Eve
    to be his helper and support;
    and from these two the human race has come.
You said, ‘It is not good for the man to be alone;
    let us make him a helper like himself.’(A)

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15 All flesh would perish together,
    and mortals return to dust.(A)

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14 For he knows how we are formed,
    remembers that we are dust.(A)

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29 [a]When you hide your face, they panic.
    Take away their breath, they perish
    and return to the dust.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 104:29–30 On one level, the spirit (or wind) of God is the fall and winter rains that provide food for all creatures. On another, it is the breath (or spirit) of God that makes beings live.

20 (A)Both go to the same place; both were made from the dust, and to the dust they both return.

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And the dust returns to the earth as it once was,
    and the life breath returns to God who gave it.[a](A)

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Footnotes

  1. 12:7 Death is portrayed in terms of the description of creation in Gn 2:7; the body corrupts in the grave, and the life breath (lit., “spirit”), or gift of life, returns to God who had breathed upon what he had formed.

Chapter 7

Solomon Is Like All Others

I too am a mortal, the same as all the rest,(A)
    and a descendant of the first one formed of earth.[a]
And in my mother’s womb I was molded into flesh

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Footnotes

  1. 7:1 First one formed of earth: Adam. The author omits throughout the book the proper names of the characters in sacred history of whom he speaks; see especially chap. 10.

10 Likewise, all people are of clay,
    and from earth humankind was formed;(A)

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45 So, too, it is written, “The first man, Adam,[a] became a living being,” the last Adam a life-giving spirit.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 15:45 The analogy of the first man, Adam, is introduced by a citation from Gn 2:7. Paul alters the text slightly, adding the adjective first, and translating the Hebrew ’ādām twice, so as to give it its value both as a common noun (man) and as a proper name (Adam). 1 Cor 15:45b then specifies similarities and differences between the two Adams. The last Adam, Christ (cf. 1 Cor 15:21–22) has become a…spirit (pneuma), a life-principle transcendent with respect to the natural soul (psychē) of the first Adam (on the terminology here, cf. note on 1 Cor 3:1). Further, he is not just alive, but life-giving, a source of life for others.