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The sons of Gomer were Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.

The sons of Javan were Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittim, and the Dodanim.[a]

The islands and coastlands were divided into different lands among these peoples on the basis of their languages, their ethnic groups, and their nations.

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 10:4 The names ending in –im are peoples rather than individuals. Usually we render these names with the suffix -ites, except for a few primordial groups whose names also occur as names of geographic places, such as the Valley of Rephaim. The name Kittim is retained because it is common in literature about the Bible.

The sons of Gomer:

Ashkenaz,(A) Riphath and Togarmah.(B)

The sons of Javan:

Elishah,(C) Tarshish,(D) the Kittites(E) and the Rodanites.[a] (From these the maritime peoples spread out into their territories by their clans within their nations, each with its own language.)(F)

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 10:4 Some manuscripts of the Masoretic Text and Samaritan Pentateuch (see also Septuagint and 1 Chron. 1:7); most manuscripts of the Masoretic Text Dodanites