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Judah got a wife named Tamar for his firstborn, Er. But Er, Judah’s firstborn, greatly offended the Lord; so the Lord took his life.(A) (B)Then Judah said to Onan, “Have intercourse with your brother’s wife, in fulfillment of your duty as brother-in-law, and thus preserve your brother’s line.”[a] Onan, however, knew that the offspring would not be his; so whenever he had intercourse with his brother’s wife, he wasted his seed on the ground, to avoid giving offspring to his brother. 10 What he did greatly offended the Lord, and the Lord took his life too. 11 Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, “Remain a widow in your father’s house until my son Shelah grows up”—for he feared that Shelah also might die like his brothers. So Tamar went to live in her father’s house.

12 Time passed, and the daughter of Shua, Judah’s wife, died. After Judah completed the period of mourning, he went up to Timnah, to those who were shearing his sheep, in company with his friend Hirah the Adullamite. 13 Then Tamar was told, “Your father-in-law is on his way up to Timnah to shear his sheep.” 14 So she took off her widow’s garments, covered herself with a shawl, and having wrapped herself sat down at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the way to Timnah; for she was aware that, although Shelah was now grown up, she had not been given to him in marriage.(C)

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Footnotes

  1. 38:8 Preserve your brother’s line: lit., “raise up seed for your brother”: an allusion to the law of levirate, or “brother-in-law,” marriage; see notes on Dt 25:5; Ru 2:20. Onan’s violation of this law brought on him God’s punishment (vv. 9–10).

Judah got a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.(A) But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the Lord’s sight;(B) so the Lord put him to death.(C)

Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife and fulfill your duty to her as a brother-in-law to raise up offspring for your brother.”(D) But Onan knew that the child would not be his; so whenever he slept with his brother’s wife, he spilled his semen on the ground to keep from providing offspring for his brother. 10 What he did was wicked in the Lord’s sight; so the Lord put him to death also.(E)

11 Judah then said to his daughter-in-law(F) Tamar,(G) “Live as a widow in your father’s household(H) until my son Shelah(I) grows up.”(J) For he thought, “He may die too, just like his brothers.” So Tamar went to live in her father’s household.

12 After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua,(K) died. When Judah had recovered from his grief, he went up to Timnah,(L) to the men who were shearing his sheep,(M) and his friend Hirah the Adullamite(N) went with him.

13 When Tamar(O) was told, “Your father-in-law is on his way to Timnah to shear his sheep,”(P) 14 she took off her widow’s clothes,(Q) covered herself with a veil(R) to disguise herself, and then sat down(S) at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah.(T) For she saw that, though Shelah(U) had now grown up, she had not been given to him as his wife.

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