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Genesis 10:3  New English Translation

3 The sons of Gomer were[a] Ashkenaz,[b] Riphath,[c] and Togarmah.[d]

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 10:3 sn The descendants of Gomer were all northern tribes of the Upper Euphrates.
  2. Genesis 10:3 sn Ashkenaz was the ancestor of a northern branch of Indo-Germanic tribes, possibly Scythians. For discussion see E. M. Yamauchi, Foes from the Northern Frontier (SBA), 63.
  3. Genesis 10:3 sn The descendants of Riphath lived in a district north of the road from Haran to Carchemish.
  4. Genesis 10:3 sn Togarmah is also mentioned in Ezek 38:6, where it refers to Til-garimmu, the capital of Kammanu, which bordered Tabal in eastern Turkey. See E. M. Yamauchi, Foes from the Northern Frontier (SBA), 26, n. 28.
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