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Everyone woke up before dawn the next day and presented burnt offerings and peace offerings on the altar. When the food was ready, they sat down to eat and drink and then rose up to dance and play.[a]

Meanwhile, on the mountain, the Eternal One spoke to Moses.

This is truly a dark moment for Israel. Moses left Aaron and Hur in charge 40 days ago, and both men are beginning to feel the strain. The people are stuck in the desert, and they are growing increasingly impatient without Moses and direction from God. So the people begin to question, and eventually they demand a physical representation of God like the ones their neighbors have. Aaron complies. With Moses and God occupied, the people begin breaking the Ten Directives, one after another: worshiping other gods, making idols, invoking God’s name for their own selfish purposes, and committing other indecent acts. The people of God fall quickly, and they fall hard. For a brief period, their very survival is in doubt.

Eternal One: Go back down the mountain immediately, because your people whom you led out of Egypt have corrupted themselves. They have quickly abandoned the way of life I require of them. They have fashioned a calf out of gold, bowed down to it, and offered it sacrifices. They are even crediting My work to that detestable idol, saying, “Israel, these are your gods—the ones who brought you out of the land of Egypt!”

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So the next day the people rose early and sacrificed burnt offerings and presented fellowship offerings.(A) Afterward they sat down to eat and drink(B) and got up to indulge in revelry.(C)

Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go down, because your people, whom you brought up out of Egypt,(D) have become corrupt.(E) They have been quick to turn away(F) from what I commanded them and have made themselves an idol(G) cast in the shape of a calf.(H) They have bowed down to it and sacrificed(I) to it and have said, ‘These are your gods, Israel, who brought you up out of Egypt.’(J)

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