Gifts for the Lord

25 The Lord said to Moses, ² “Tell the ·Israelites [^Lsons/^Tchildren of Israel] to bring me ·gifts [tribute]. Receive for me the ·gifts [tribute] ·each person wants [^Lfrom each one whose heart moves them] to give. ³ ·These are the gifts [This is the tribute] that you should receive from them: gold, silver, bronze; ⁴ blue, purple, and ·red [scarlet] thread; fine linen, goat hair, ⁵ ·sheepskins [or ramskins] that are dyed red; ·fine leather [or sea cow/porpoise hide]; acacia wood; ⁶ olive oil to burn in the lamps; spices for sweet-smelling incense, and the special olive oil ·poured on a person’s head to make him a priest [^Lfor anointing; Ps. 133]; ⁷ onyx stones, and other jewels to be put on the ·holy vest [ephod; 28:6–14] and the ·chest covering [breastpiece; 28:15–30].

⁸ “The people must build a ·holy place [sanctuary] for me so that I can live among them. ⁹ Build this ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle] and ·everything in it [all its furniture] by the ·plan [pattern] I will show you [^Cevery detail reflects a heavenly reality].

The Ark of the Covenant

¹⁰ “·Use acacia wood and build an Ark [^LThey will make an Ark of acacia wood; ^Cthe Ark, considered the footstool of God’s throne, was a powerful symbol of God’s presence; 1 Sam. 4] ·forty-five inches [^Ltwo and a half cubits] long, ·twenty-seven inches [^La cubit and a half] wide, and ·twenty-seven inches [^La cubit and a half] high. ¹¹ ·Cover the Ark [^LOverlay it] inside and out with pure gold, and put a gold ·strip [molding] all around it. ¹² ·Make [Cast] four gold rings for the Ark and attach them to its four feet, two rings on ·each [one side and two rings on the other] side. ¹³ Then make poles from acacia wood and ·cover [cast; overlay] them with gold. ¹⁴ Put the poles through the rings on the sides of the Ark, and use these poles to carry it. ¹⁵ These poles must always stay in the rings of the Ark. Do not take them out. ¹⁶ Then put in the Ark the ·Agreement [Covenant; Treaty; ^LTestimony] which I will make with you [^Ca reference to the tablets of the Ten Commandments].

¹⁷ “Then make the ·lid of the Ark [mercy seat; atonement cover] of pure gold. Make it ·forty-five inches [^Ltwo and a half cubits] long and ·twenty-seven inches [^Lone and a half cubits] wide. ¹⁸ ·Then hammer gold to make two creatures with wings [Make two cherubim of hammered gold], and put one on each end of the ·lid [mercy seat; atonement cover]. ¹⁹ Attach one ·creature [cherub] on one end of the ·lid [mercy seat; atonement cover] and the other ·creature [cherub] on the other end. Make them to be one piece with the ·lid [mercy seat; atonement cover] at the ends. ²⁰ The ·creatures’ [cherubim’s] wings should be spread upward, covering the ·lid [mercy seat; atonement cover], and the ·creatures [cherubim] are to face each other across the ·lid [mercy seat; atonement cover]. ²¹ Put this ·lid [mercy seat; atonement cover] on top of the Ark, and put in the Ark the ·Agreement [Covenant; Treaty; ^LTestimony] which I will make with you. ²² I will meet with you there, above the ·lid [mercy seat; atonement cover] between the two ·winged creatures [cherubim] on the Ark of the ·Agreement [Covenant; Treaty; ^LTestimony]. There I will give you all my commands for the ·Israelites [^Lsons/^Tchildren of Israel].

The Table

²³ “Make a table out of acacia wood, ·thirty-six inches [^Ltwo cubits] long, ·eighteen inches [^Lone cubit] wide, and ·twenty-seven inches [^Lone and a half cubits] high. ²⁴ ·Cover [Overlay] it with pure gold, and put a gold ·strip [molding] around it. ²⁵ Make a ·frame [rim] ·three inches [^La handbreadth] high ·that stands up all around the edge, and put a gold ·strip [molding] around it. ²⁶ Then make four gold rings. Attach them to the four corners of the table where the four legs are. ²⁷ Put the rings close to the ·frame [rim] around the top of the table, because they will hold the poles for carrying it. ²⁸ Make the poles out of acacia wood, ·cover [overlay] them with gold, and carry the table with these poles. ²⁹ Make the plates and bowls for the table, as well as the jars and cups, out of pure gold. They will be used for pouring out the drink offerings [Ezra 1:9–11; Dan. 1:2; 5:1–4]. ³⁰ On this table put the ·bread that shows you are in my presence [Bread of Presence] so that it is always there in front of me.

The Lampstand

³¹ “Hammer pure gold to make a ·lampstand [^Lmenorah]. Its base, ·stand [shaft], flower-like cups, buds, and petals must all be joined together in one piece [^Cits tree shape suggests that the Tabernacle represented Eden where God and humans lived in harmony]. ³² The lampstand must have six branches going out from its sides—three on one side and three on the other. ³³ Each branch must have three cups shaped like almond flowers on it. Each cup must have a bud and a petal. Each of the six branches going out from the lampstand must be the same. ³⁴ And there must be four more cups made like almond flowers on the lampstand itself. These cups must also have buds and petals. ³⁵ Put a bud under each pair of branches that goes out from the lampstand. Each of the six branches going out from the lampstand must be the same. ³⁶ The branches, buds, and lampstand must be made of one piece, hammered out of pure gold.

³⁷ “Then make seven ·small oil lamps [^Llamps for it] and put them on the lampstand so that they give light to the area in front of it. ³⁸ The ·wick trimmers [snuffers] and trays must be made of pure gold. ³⁹ Use ·seventy-five pounds [^Lone talent] of pure gold to make the lampstand and everything with it. ⁴⁰ Be very careful to make them by the ·plan [pattern] I showed you on the mountain [25:9].

The Holy Tent

26 “Make for the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle] ten curtains of fine linen and blue, purple, and ·red [scarlet] thread. Have a skilled craftsman sew designs of ·creatures with wings [cherubim; 37:7] on the pieces of cloth [^Cthese deep blue curtains with cherubim represent heaven on earth]. ² Make each curtain the same size—·forty-two feet [^Ltwenty-eight cubits] long and ·six feet [^Lfour cubits] wide. ³ ·Sew [^LJoin; Bind] five curtains together for one set, and ·sew [join; bind] the other curtains together for the second set. ⁴ Make loops of blue cloth on the edge of the end curtain of one set, and do the same for the end curtain of the other set. ⁵ Make fifty loops on the end curtain of the first set and fifty loops on the end curtain of the second set. These loops must be opposite each other. ⁶ And make fifty gold ·hooks [clasps] to join the two sets of curtains so that the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle] is one piece.

⁷ “Then make another tent that will cover the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle], using eleven curtains made from goat hair. ⁸ All these curtains must be the same size—·forty-five feet [^Lthirty cubits] long and ·six [^Lfour cubits] feet wide. ⁹ ·Sew [Join; Bind] five of the curtains together into one set. Then ·sew [join; bind] the other six curtains together into the second set. Fold the sixth curtain double over the front of the Tent. ¹⁰ Make fifty loops down the edge of the end curtain of one set, and do the same for the end curtain of the other set. ¹¹ Then make fifty bronze ·hooks [clasps] and put them in the loops to ·join [bind] the tent together so that the covering is one piece. ¹² Let the extra half piece of cloth hang over the back of the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle]. ¹³ There will be ·eighteen inches [^Lone cubit] hanging over the sides of the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle], to ·protect [cover] it [^Cthis is the innermost of the weatherproofing protecting the innermost curtain]. ¹⁴ Make a covering for the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle] from ·sheepskins colored red [or tanned rams’ skins; ^Cthe second weatherproof covering], and over that make a covering from ·fine leather [or sea cow hide; ^Cthe outermost covering used for weatherproofing].

¹⁵ “Use acacia wood to make upright frames for the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle]. ¹⁶ Each frame must be ·fifteen feet [^Lten cubits] long and ·twenty-seven inches [^La cubit and a half] wide, ¹⁷ with two pegs side by side. Every frame [^Lof the Holy Tent/Tabernacle] must be made the same way. ¹⁸ Make twenty frames for the south side of the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle]. ¹⁹ Each frame must have two silver bases to go under it, a peg fitting into each base. You must make forty silver bases for the [^Ltwenty] frames. ²⁰ Make twenty more frames for the [^Lsecond side on the] north side of the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle] ²¹ and forty silver bases for them—two bases for each frame. ²² You must make six frames for the rear or west end of the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle] ²³ and two frames for each corner at the rear [^Lof the Holy Tent/Tabernacle]. ²⁴ The two frames are to be doubled at the bottom and joined at the top with a metal ring. Both corner frames must be made this way. ²⁵ So there will be a total of eight frames at the rear of the Tent, and there will be sixteen silver bases—two bases under each frame.

²⁶ “Make crossbars of acacia wood to connect the upright frames of the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle]. Make five crossbars to hold the frames together on one side ²⁷ and five to hold the frames together on the ·other [^Lsecond] side. Also make five crossbars to hold the frames together on the west end, at the rear. ²⁸ The middle crossbar is to be set halfway up the frames, and it is to run along the entire length of each side and rear. ²⁹ Make gold rings on the sides of the frames to hold the crossbars, and ·cover [overlay] the frames and the crossbars with gold. ³⁰ Set up the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle] by the ·plan [pattern] shown to you on the mountain [25:9].

³¹ “Make a curtain of fine linen and blue, purple, and ·red [scarlet] thread, and have a skilled craftsman sew ·designs of creatures with wings [cherubim; 37:7] on it. ³² ·Hang [Place] the curtain by gold ·hooks [clasps] on four posts of acacia wood that are ·covered [overlaid] with gold, and set them in four silver bases. ³³ ·Hang [Place] the curtain from the ·hooks [clasps] in the roof, and put the Ark of the ·Agreement [Covenant; Treaty; ^LTestimony; 25:10] containing the two stone tablets [24:12] behind it. This curtain will separate the ·Holy Place [Tabernacle] from the ·Most Holy Place [^THoly of Holies; ^Cthe back third, the throne room of God]. ³⁴ Put the ·lid [mercy seat; atonement cover; 25:13–22] on the Ark of the ·Agreement [Covenant; Treaty; ^LTestimony; 25:10] in the Most Holy Place.

³⁵ “Outside the curtain, put the table [25:23–30] on the north side of the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle]. Put the lampstand [25:31–40] on the south side of the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle] across from the table.

The Entrance of the Holy Tent

³⁶ “Then, for the entrance of the Tent, make a ·curtain [^Lscreen] with fine linen and blue, purple, and ·red [scarlet] thread. ·Someone who can sew well is to sew designs on it [^L…embroidered with needlework]. ³⁷ Make five posts of acacia wood ·covered [overlaid] with gold. Make gold ·hooks [clasps] for them on which to hang the ·curtain [^Lscreen], and make five bronze bases for them.

The Altar for the Burnt Offerings

27 “Make an altar of acacia wood, ·four and one-half feet [^Lthree cubits] high. It should be square—·seven and one-half feet [^Lfive cubits] long and ·seven and one-half feet [^Lfive cubits] wide. ² Make each of the four corners of the altar stick out like a horn [^Csignificance uncertain, but refers to rounded projections on each corner of top; 29:10–12; Lev. 4:18–21; 1 Kin. 2:28–34], in such a way that the corners with their horns are all one piece. Then ·cover [overlay] the whole altar with bronze.

³ “Use bronze to make all ·the tools and dishes that will be used on the altar [^Lits utensils]: the pots to remove the ashes, the shovels, the ·bowls for sprinkling blood [^Lbasins], the meat forks, and the ·pans for carrying the burning wood [firepans].

⁴ “Make a large bronze screen to hold the burning wood, and put a bronze ring at each of the four corners of it. ⁵ Put the screen inside the altar, under its ·rim [ledge], halfway up from the bottom [^Lof the altar].

⁶ “Make poles of acacia wood for the altar, and ·cover [overlay] them with bronze. ⁷ Put the poles through the rings on both sides of the altar to carry it. ⁸ Make the altar out of boards and leave the inside hollow. Make it as you were shown on the mountain [25:9].

The Courtyard of the Holy Tent

⁹ “Make ·a wall of curtains to form a courtyard around the Holy Tent [^Lthe court of the Tabernacle]. The south side should have a wall of fine linen curtains ·one hundred fifty feet [^Lone hundred cubits] long. ¹⁰ Hang the curtains with silver hooks and bands on twenty bronze ·posts [pillars] with twenty bronze bases. ¹¹ The north side must also be ·one hundred fifty feet [^Lone hundred cubits] long. Hang its curtains on silver hooks and bands on twenty bronze ·posts [pillars] with twenty bronze bases.

¹² “The west end of the courtyard must have a wall of curtains ·seventy-five feet [^Lfifty cubits] long, with ten ·posts [pillars] and ten bases on that wall. ¹³ The [^Lfront on the] east end of the courtyard must also be ·seventy-five feet [^Lfifty cubits] long. ¹⁴ On one side of the entry, there is to be a wall of curtains ·twenty-two and one-half feet [^Lfifteen cubits] long, held up by three ·posts [pillars] on three bases. ¹⁵ On the other side of the entry, there is also to be a wall of curtains ·twenty-two and one-half feet [^Lfifteen cubits] long, held up by three ·posts [pillars] on three bases.

¹⁶ “The ·entry [^Lgate] to the courtyard is to be a ·curtain [screen] ·thirty feet [^Ltwenty cubits] wide, made of fine linen with blue, purple, and ·red [scarlet] thread. ·Someone who can sew well is to sew designs on it [^L…embroidered with needlework]. It is to be held up by four ·posts [pillars] on four bases. ¹⁷ All the ·posts [pillars] around the courtyard must have silver bands and hooks and bronze bases. ¹⁸ The courtyard must be ·one hundred fifty feet [^Lone hundred cubits] long and ·seventy-five feet [^Lfifty cubits] wide, with a wall of curtains around it ·seven and one-half feet [^Lfive cubits] high, made of fine linen. The bases in which the ·posts [pillars] are set must be bronze. ¹⁹ All the ·things used in the Holy Tent [utensils of the Tabernacle] and all the tent pegs for the ·Holy Tent [Tabernacle] and the wall around the courtyard must be made of bronze.

Oil for the Lamp

²⁰ “Command the ·people [^Lsons/^Tchildren] of Israel to bring you pure olive oil, made from ·pressed [or pounded] olives, to keep the lamps on the lampstand burning [^Lregularly; or continually]. ²¹ Aaron and his sons must keep the lamps burning before the Lord from evening till morning. This will be in the Meeting Tent, outside the curtain which is in front of the ·Ark [Covenant; Testimony; Treaty]. The Israelites and their descendants must obey this ·rule [statute; ordinance; requirement] ·from now on [^Lthroughout their generations].

Clothes for the Priests

28 “·Tell your brother Aaron to come [^LBring near your brother Aaron] to you, along with his sons Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar. ·Separate them from the other Israelites to [^L…to] serve me as priests. ² Make holy ·clothes [garments; vestments] for your brother Aaron to give him ·honor [glory] and ·beauty [splendor]. ³ Tell all the ·skilled craftsmen to whom I have given wisdom [^Lthe wise of heart whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom; ^Cwisdom here is a practical knowledge, a skill] to make ·special clothes [garments; vestments] for Aaron—clothes to show that he ·belongs to me [is consecrated/set apart/ holy] so that he may serve me as a priest. ⁴ These are the clothes they must make: a ·chest covering [breastpiece], a ·holy vest [ephod], an outer robe, a ·woven inner [or checkered] robe, a turban, and a ·cloth belt [sash]. They must make these ·holy [sacred] clothes for your brother Aaron and his sons. Then they may serve me as priests. ⁵ They must use gold and blue, purple and ·red [scarlet] thread, and fine linen.

The Holy Vest

⁶ “Use gold and blue, purple and ·red [scarlet] thread, and fine linen to make the ·holy vest [ephod]; ·skilled craftsmen are to make it [skillfully worked]. ⁷ At each top corner of it there will be a pair of shoulder straps tied together over each shoulder.

⁸ “·The craftsmen will very carefully weave a belt [^LThe embroidered waistband] on the ·holy vest that is [^Lephod will be] made with the same materials—gold and blue, purple and ·red [scarlet] thread, and fine linen.

⁹ “Take two onyx stones and write the names of the twelve sons of Israel on them, ¹⁰ six on one stone and six on the other. Write the names in order, ·from the oldest son to the youngest [according to the order of their birth]. ¹¹ ·Carve [Engrave] the names of the sons of Israel on these stones in the same way a person ·carves words and designs on a seal [engraves a seal/signet]. Put gold [^Lfiligree] around the stones to hold them on the ·holy vest [ephod]. ¹² Then put the two stones on the two straps of the ·holy vest [ephod] as reminders of the twelve sons of Israel. Aaron is to ·wear [bear] their names on his shoulders in the presence of the Lord as reminders of the sons of Israel. ¹³ Make ·two gold pieces to hold the stones [settings of gold filigree] ¹⁴ and two chains of pure gold, twisted together like a rope. Attach the chains to the ·two gold pieces that hold the stones [^Lsettings].

The Chest Covering

¹⁵ “Make a ·chest covering to help in making decisions [^Lbreastpiece of judgment; ^Cso called because it contained the Urim and Thummim used to discern God’s will; 28:30]. ·The craftsmen should make it as they made the holy vest [^L…of skilled work like the ephod], using gold and blue, purple and ·red [scarlet] thread, and fine linen. ¹⁶ It must be square—·nine inches [^La span] long and ·nine inches [^La span] wide—and ·folded double to make a pocket [^Ldoubled]. ¹⁷ Put four rows of ·beautiful gems [^Lstones] on it: The first row must have a ·ruby [or carnelian], ·topaz [or chrysolite], and ·yellow quartz [or emerald]; ¹⁸ the second must have turquoise, a ·sapphire [or lapis], and an ·emerald [or moonstone]; ¹⁹ the third must have a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst; ²⁰ the fourth must have a chrysolite [or beryl], an onyx, and a jasper [^Cthe exact identity of some of these stones is unclear]. Put gold [^Lfiligree] around these ·jewels [stones] to attach them to it. ²¹ There must be twelve ·jewels on the chest covering [^Lstones]—one ·jewel [stone] for each of the names of the sons of Israel. ·Carve [Engrave] the name of one of the twelve tribes on each of the stones as you would ·carve [engrave] a ·seal [signet].

²² “Make chains of pure gold, twisted together like rope, for the ·chest covering [breastpiece]. ²³ Make two gold rings and put them on the two upper corners of the chest covering. ²⁴ Attach the two gold chains to the two rings at the upper corners of the ·chest covering [breastpiece]. ²⁵ Attach the other ends of the two chains to the two ·gold pieces [or settings] on the shoulder straps in the front of the ·holy vest [ephod].

²⁶ “Make two gold rings and put them at the two lower corners of the ·chest covering [breastpiece], on the inside edge next to the ·holy vest [ephod]. ²⁷ Make two more gold rings and attach them to the bottom of the shoulder straps in the front of the ·holy vest [ephod]. Put them close to the seam above the ·woven belt [^Lembroidered waistband] of the ·holy vest [ephod]. ²⁸ Join the rings of the ·chest covering [breastpiece] to the rings of the ·holy vest [ephod] with blue ·ribbon [cord], connecting it to the ·woven belt [embroidered waistband] so the ·chest covering [breastpiece] will not ·swing out [get loose] from the ·holy vest [ephod].

²⁹ “When Aaron enters the Holy Place, he will wear the names of the sons of Israel over his heart, on the ·chest covering that helps in making decisions [breastpiece of judgment; 28:15]. This will be a continual reminder before the Lord. ³⁰ And put the Urim and Thummim [^Cdevices, probably lots, that were used to discern God’s will; the name means “light and truth”] inside the ·chest covering [breastpiece] so that they will be on Aaron’s heart when he goes before the Lord. They will help in making decisions for the Israelites. So Aaron will always carry them with him when he is before the Lord.

³¹ “Make the outer robe ·to be worn under the holy vest [^Lof the ephod], ·using only blue cloth [^Lall of blue]. ³² Make ·a hole [an opening] in the center for ·Aaron’s [^Lthe] head, with a woven collar ·with an oversewn edge [^Llike a coat of mail; ^Cthe Hebrew is obscure] around the ·hole [opening] so it will not tear. ³³ Make balls like pomegranates of blue, purple, and ·red [scarlet] thread, and hang them around the bottom of the outer robe with gold bells between them. ³⁴ All around the bottom of the outer robe there should be a gold bell and a pomegranate ball, a gold bell and a pomegranate ball. ³⁵ Aaron must wear this robe when he ·serves as priest [ministers]. ·The ringing of the bells [^LTheir sound] will be heard when he enters and leaves the Holy Place before the Lord so that he will not die.

³⁶ “Make a ·strip [rosette; medallion; plate; ^Lflower] of pure gold and ·carve [engrave] these words on it as you would ·carve [engrave] a ·seal [signet]: ‘Holy to the Lord.’ ³⁷ Use blue ·ribbon [cord] to tie it to the turban; put it on the front of the turban. ³⁸ Aaron must wear this on his forehead. In this way, he will ·be blamed [^Lcarry/bear the guilt] if anything is wrong with the ·gifts [holy offerings] of the Israelites. ·Aaron must always wear this on his head [^LIt will always be on his forehead] so the Lord will ·accept the gifts of the people [^Lbe favorable toward them].

³⁹ “·Make [or Weave] the ·woven [or checkered] inner robe of fine linen, and make the turban of fine linen also. Make the ·cloth belt [sash] ·with designs sewn on it [embroidered with needlework]. ⁴⁰ Also make ·woven [or checkered] inner robes, ·cloth belts [sashes], and ·headbands [headdresses] for Aaron’s sons, to give them honor [glory] and beauty [splendor]. ⁴¹ Put these clothes on your brother Aaron and his sons, and ·pour olive oil on their heads to appoint them as priests [^Lanoint them]. ·Make them belong to me [Ordain them; ^LFill their hand] so they may be ·set apart [consecrated] and serve me as priests.

⁴² “Make for them linen underclothes to cover ·them [^Ltheir naked flesh] from the ·waist [hip] to the ·upper parts of the legs [thigh]. ⁴³ Aaron and his sons must wear these underclothes when they enter the Meeting Tent and anytime they come near the altar to ·serve as priests [^Lminister] in the Holy Place. ·If they do not wear these clothes, they will be guilty of wrong, and they will [^L…so they do not bear guilt and] die. This will be a ·law [statute; ordinance; requirement] that will last from now on for Aaron and all his ·descendants [^Lseed].

Appointing the Priests

29 “This is what you must do to ·appoint Aaron and his sons [^Lthem to consecrate them] to serve me as priests. Take one young bull and two ·male sheep [rams] ·that have nothing wrong with them [^Lwithout blemish]. ² Use ·fine [choice] wheat flour ·without yeast to make bread [to make unleavened bread], cakes ·without yeast [unleavened] mixed with olive oil, and wafers ·without yeast [unleavened] brushed with olive oil. ³ Put these in one basket, and bring them along with the bull and two ·male sheep [rams]. ⁴ Bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance of the Meeting Tent and wash them with water. ⁵ Take the clothes and dress Aaron in the inner robe [28:39–41] and the outer robe [28:31–35] of the ·holy vest [ephod; 28:6–14]. Then put on him the ·holy vest [ephod] and the ·chest covering [breastpiece; 28:15–28], and tie the ·holy vest [ephod] on him with its ·skillfully woven belt [embroidered waistband of the ephod]. ⁶ Put the turban on his head, and put the holy ·crown [diadem] on the turban. ⁷ Take the special olive oil and pour it on his head to ·make him a priest [^Lanoint him].

⁸ “Then bring his sons and put the inner robes on them. ⁹ ·Put [^LGird them with] the ·headbands [headdresses] on their heads, and tie ·cloth belts around their waists [^Lsashes on Aaron and his sons]. ·Aaron and his descendants [^LThey] will be priests in Israel, according to a ·rule that will continue from now on [perpetual statute/ordinance/requirement]. This is how you will ·appoint Aaron and his sons as priests [ordain Aaron and his sons; ^Lfill the hand of Aaron and his sons].

¹⁰ “Bring the bull to the front of the Meeting Tent, and Aaron and his sons must ·put [lay] their hands on the bull’s head [^Ca ritual of identification; the animal stood in the place of the offerer]. ¹¹ Then ·kill [slaughter] the bull before the Lord at the entrance to the Meeting Tent. ¹² Use your finger to put some of the bull’s blood on the ·corners [^Lhorns; 27:2] of the altar, and then pour the blood that is left at the ·bottom [base; foundation] of the altar. ¹³ Take all the fat that covers the inner organs, as well as the ·best part [appendage] of the liver, both kidneys, and the fat around them, and ·burn them [^Lturn them into smoke] on the altar. ¹⁴ Take the bull’s meat, skin, and ·intestines [or dung], and burn them outside the camp. This is an ·offering to take away sin [sin offering; Lev. 4:1–5:13].

¹⁵ “Take one of the ·male sheep [rams], and have Aaron and his sons ·put [lay] their hands on its head. ¹⁶ ·Kill [Slaughter] it, and take its blood and ·sprinkle [dash] it on all four sides of the altar. ¹⁷ Then cut the ram into pieces and wash its inner organs and its legs, putting them with its head and its other pieces. ¹⁸ ·Burn [^LTurn into smoke] the whole sheep on the altar; it is a burnt offering made by fire [Lev. 1] to the Lord. Its smell is pleasing to the Lord.

¹⁹ “Take the ·other male sheep [second ram], and have Aaron and his sons ·put [lay] their hands on its head [29:10]. ²⁰ ·Kill [Slaughter] it and take some of its blood. Put the blood on the ·bottom [lobe] of the right ears of Aaron and his sons and on the thumbs of their right hands and on the big toes of their right feet [Lev. 14:14; ^Cthe significance is unclear]. Then sprinkle the rest of the blood ·against all four sides of [^Lall around] the altar. ²¹ Take some of the blood from the altar, and mix it with the ·special oil used in appointing priests [^Lanointing oil]. Sprinkle this on Aaron and his clothes and on his sons and their clothes. ·This will show that Aaron [^LThen he] and his sons and their clothes ·are given to my service [^Lwill be holy/consecrated].

²² “Then take the fat from the ·male sheep [ram], the fat tail, and the fat that covers the inner organs. In addition, take the best part of the liver, both kidneys, and the fat around them, and the right thigh. (This is the ·male sheep to be used in appointing priests [ordination ram].)

²³ “Then take the basket of ·bread that you made without yeast [unleavened bread], which you put before the Lord. From it take a loaf of bread, a cake made with olive oil, and a wafer. ²⁴ Put all of these in the hands of Aaron and his sons, and tell them to ·present them as an [^Lwave them as a wave] offering to the Lord [^Ca ritual whereby the offerer symbolically waves the offering before God but then uses it]. ²⁵ Then take them from their hands and ·burn them [^Lturn them into smoke] on the altar with the whole burnt offering. This is an offering made by fire to the Lord; its smell is pleasing to the Lord. ²⁶ Then take the breast of the ·male sheep used to appoint Aaron as priest [ordination ram], and ·present it before the Lord as an offering [^Lwave it as a wave offering before the Lord]. This part of the animal will be your ·share [portion]. ²⁷ ·Set aside [Consecrate] the breast [^Lthat was waved as a wave offering] and the thigh of the ·sheep that were used to appoint [^Lordination ram that was elevated as an elevation offering for] Aaron and his sons as priests. These parts belong to them. ²⁸ They are to be the ·regular share [perpetual statute/ordinance/requirement] which the Israelites will always give to Aaron and his sons. It is the gift the Israelites must give to the Lord from their ·fellowship [or peace] offerings [Lev. 3].

²⁹ “The ·holy [sacred; consecrated] clothes made for Aaron will belong to his ·descendants [sons] so that they can wear these clothes when they are ·appointed as priests [^Lanointed and ordained]. ³⁰ Aaron’s son, who will become high priest after him, will come to the Meeting Tent to ·serve [minister] in the Holy Place. He is to wear these clothes for seven days.

³¹ “Take the ·male sheep used to appoint priests [ordination ram] and boil its meat in a place that is holy. ³² Then at the entrance of the Meeting Tent, Aaron and his sons must eat the meat of the ·sheep [ram] and the bread that is in the basket. ³³ They should eat these offerings that were used to ·remove their sins [atone] and to ·make them holy when they were made priests [ordain and consecrate]. But no ·stranger [outsider] is to eat them, because they are holy things. ³⁴ If any of the ·meat from that sheep [^Lordination meat] or any of the bread is left the next morning, it must be burned. It must not be eaten, because it is holy.

³⁵ “Do all these things that I commanded you to do to Aaron and his sons, and spend seven days ·appointing [ordaining] them. ³⁶ Each day you are to offer a bull ·to remove the sins of [^Las a sin offering of atonement for] Aaron and his sons so they will be given for service to the Lord. ·Make the altar ready for service to the Lord [^LOffer a sin offering for the altar to make atonement for it], and also ·pour oil on it to make it holy [anoint it to consecrate it]. ³⁷ Spend seven days making ·the altar ready for service to God [^Latonement for the altar] and ·making it holy [consecrate it]. Then the altar will become very holy, and anything that touches it must be holy.

The Daily Sacrifices

³⁸ “Every day ·from now on [regularly; continually], offer on the altar two lambs that are one year old. ³⁹ Offer one lamb in the morning and the ·other [second] in the evening ·before dark [at twilight]. ⁴⁰ ·In the morning, when you offer the [^LFor the] first lamb, offer also ·two quarts [^La tenth of an ephah] of fine flour mixed with ·one quart [^Lone fourth of a hin] of oil from ·pressed [or pounded] olives. Pour out a ·quart [^Lfourth of a hin] of wine as a drink offering. ⁴¹ Offer the second lamb ·in the evening [at twilight] with the same ·grain [or gift; tribute] offering [Lev. 3] and drink offering as you did in the morning. This is an offering made by fire to the Lord, and its smell is pleasing to him.

⁴² “·You must burn these things as an offering [^LIt is a burnt offering; Lev. 1] to the Lord ·every day [regularly; continuously], ·from now on [^Lthroughout your generations], at the entrance of the Meeting Tent before the Lord. ·When you make the offering, [^L…where] I, the Lord, will meet you there and speak to you. ⁴³ I will meet with the ·people [^Lsons; children] of Israel there, and that place will be holy because of my glory.

⁴⁴ “So I will make the Meeting Tent and the altar ·holy [consecrated]; I will also make Aaron and his sons ·holy [consecrated] so they may serve me as priests. ⁴⁵ I will ·live [dwell] with the ·people [^Lsons; children] of Israel and be their God. ⁴⁶ And they will know that I am the Lord their God who ·led [brought] them out of Egypt so that I could ·live [dwell] with them. I am the Lord their God.

The Altar for Burning Incense

30 “Make an altar out of acacia wood for burning incense. ² Make it square—·eighteen inches [^La cubit] long and ·eighteen inches [^La cubit] wide—and make it ·thirty-six inches [^Ltwo cubits] high. The ·corners that stick out like horns [^Lhorns; 27:2] must be one piece with the altar. ³ ·Cover [^LOverlay] its top, its sides, and its ·corners [^Lhorns] with pure gold, and put a gold ·strip [molding] all around the altar. ⁴ Make two gold rings beneath the gold ·strip [molding] on opposite sides of the altar, and slide poles through them to carry the altar. ⁵ Make the poles from acacia wood and ·cover [overlay] them with gold. ⁶ Put the altar of incense in front of the curtain that is ·near [or above] the Ark of the ·Agreement [Covenant; Treaty; ^LTestimony; 25:10], in front of the ·lid that covers that Ark [mercy seat; atonement cover; 25:17–22]. There I will meet with you.

⁷ “Aaron must burn sweet-smelling incense on the altar every morning when he comes to ·take care of [trim; dress; put in good order] the oil lamps. ⁸ He must burn incense again ·in the evening [at twilight] when he lights the lamps, so incense will burn before the Lord ·every day [regularly; continually] ·from now on [^Lthroughout your generations]. ⁹ Do not use this altar for offering ·any other [^Lstrange; profane] incense [Lev. 10:1–7], or burnt offering [Lev. 1], or any kind of ·grain [or gift; tribute] offering [Lev. 3], or drink offering. ¹⁰ Once a year Aaron must make ·the altar ready for service to God by putting blood on its corners [atonement on its corners/horns]—the blood of the animal ·offered to remove sins [as an atoning sin offering]. He is to do this once a year ·from now on [^Lthroughout your generations]. ·This altar belongs completely to the Lord’s service [^LIt is most holy/^Tthe holy of holies to the Lord].”

The Tax for the Meeting Tent

¹¹ The Lord said to Moses, ¹² “When you ·count [register] the ·people [^Lsons; children] of Israel, every person must ·buy back [ransom; atone for] his life from the Lord so that no ·terrible things [disaster; plague] will happen to the people when you ·number [register] them. ¹³ Every person who is ·counted [registered] must pay ·one-fifth of an ounce of silver [^Lhalf a shekel]. (·This is set by using one-half of the Holy Place measure, which weighs two-fifths of an ounce [^L…according to the shekel of the Holy Place which is twenty gerahs].) This amount is a ·gift [contribution] to the Lord. ¹⁴ Every person who is ·counted [registered] and is twenty years old or older must give this ·amount [gift; contribution] to the Lord. ¹⁵ A rich person must not give more than ·one-fifth of an ounce [^La half shekel], and a poor person must not give less. You are ·paying this to the Lord to buy back your lives [giving a gift/contribution to the Lord as a ransom/atonement for your life]. ¹⁶ ·Gather [Take] from the ·people [^Lsons; children] of Israel this ·money [silver] paid to ·buy back their lives [^Latone; ransom], and ·spend [give] it on things for the ·service [work] in the Meeting Tent. This payment will remind the Lord that the ·Israelites’ [^Lsons/^Tchildren of Israel’s] lives have been ·bought back [ransomed; atoned].”

The Bronze Bowl

¹⁷ The Lord said to Moses, ¹⁸ “Make a bronze bowl, on a bronze stand, for washing. Put the bowl and stand between the Meeting Tent and the altar, and put water ·in the bowl [^Lthere]. ¹⁹ Aaron and his sons must wash their hands and feet with the water from this bowl. ²⁰ Each time they enter the Meeting Tent they must wash with water so they will not die. Whenever they approach the altar to ·serve as priests [minister] and offer a sacrifice to the Lord by fire, ²¹ they must wash their hands and their feet so they will not die. This is a ·rule [statute; ordinance; requirement] for Aaron and his ·descendants [^Lseed] ·from now on [^Lthroughout their generations].”

Oil for Appointing

²² Then the Lord said to Moses, ²³ “Take the finest spices: ·twelve pounds [^Lfive hundred (shekels)] of liquid myrrh, half that amount (that is, ·six pounds [^Ltwo hundred and fifty]) of sweet-smelling cinnamon, ·six pounds [^Ltwo hundred and fifty] of sweet-smelling cane, ²⁴ and ·twelve pounds [^Lfive hundred] of cassia. Weigh all these by the Holy Place ·measure [^Lshekel]. Also take ·four quarts [^La hin] of olive oil, ²⁵ and ·mix [blend; ^Lmake] all these things like a perfume to make a holy olive oil. ·This special oil must be put on people and things to make them ready for service to God [^LIt is a holy anointing oil]. ²⁶ ·Put this oil on [^LAnoint] the Meeting Tent and the Ark of the ·Agreement [Covenant; Treaty; ^LTestimony], ²⁷ on the table and all its dishes, on the lampstand [25:31–40] and all its tools, and on the incense altar [30:1–6]. ²⁸ Also, ·put the oil on [anoint] the altar for burnt offerings [27:1–8] and on all its tools, as well as on the bowl [30:17–21] and the stand under the bowl. ²⁹ You will ·prepare all these things for service to God [consecrate/sanctify them], and they will be very holy. Anything that touches these things must be holy.

³⁰ “·Put the oil on [Anoint] Aaron and his sons to ·give them for service to me [consecrate; sanctify them], that they may serve me as priests. ³¹ Tell the ·Israelites [^Lsons/^Tchildren of Israel], ‘This is to be my holy olive oil ·from now on [^Lthroughout your generations]. It is ·to be put on people and things to make them ready for service to God [^Lfor anointing]. ³² Do not pour it on the bodies of ordinary people, and do not make perfume the same way you make this oil. It is holy, and you must treat it as holy. ³³ If anyone makes perfume like it or puts it on someone who is ·not a priest [not qualified; ^Lstrange], that person must be cut off from his people.’”

Incense

³⁴ Then the Lord said to Moses, “Take these sweet-smelling spices: resin, onycha, galbanum [^Csome identifications are uncertain], and pure frankincense. Be sure that you have equal amounts of each. ³⁵ Make incense as a person who makes perfume would do. Add salt to it to keep it pure and holy. ³⁶ Beat some of the incense into a fine powder, and put it in front of the ·Ark of the Agreement [Covenant; Testimony; Treaty] in the Meeting Tent, where I will meet with you. ·You must use this incense powder only for its very special purpose [^LIt will be most holy to you]. ³⁷ Do not make incense for yourselves the same way you make this incense. Treat it as holy to the Lord. ³⁸ Whoever makes incense like this to use as perfume must be cut off from his people.”

Bezalel and Oholiab Help

31 Then the Lord said to Moses, ² “See, I have ·chosen [^Lcalled by name] Bezalel son of Uri from the tribe of Judah. (Uri was the son of Hur.) ³ I have filled Bezalel with the ·Spirit [or spirit] of God and have given him the ·skill [wisdom], ability, and knowledge to do all kinds of work. ⁴ He is able to ·design [plan] pieces to be made from gold, silver, and bronze, ⁵ to cut jewels and put them in metal, to ·carve [engrave] wood, and to do all kinds of work. ⁶ I have also ·chosen [^Lgiven him] Oholiab son of Ahisamach from the tribe of Dan to work with Bezalel. I have given ·skills [wisdom] to all the craftsmen, and they will be able to make all these things I have commanded you: ⁷ the Meeting Tent, the Ark of the ·Agreement [Covenant; Treaty; ^LTestimony], the ·lid that covers [mercy seat; atonement cover] the Ark, and ·everything in [all the utensils of] the Tent. ⁸ This includes the table and ·everything on it [all its utensils], the pure gold lampstand and ·everything with it [all its utensils], the altar of incense, ⁹ the altar for burnt offerings and ·everything used with it [all its utensils], and the bowl and the stand under it. ¹⁰ They will make the woven clothes and the ·holy [sacred] clothes for Aaron and the clothes for his sons to wear when they serve as priests. ¹¹ They will also make the special olive oil used ·in appointing people and things to the service of the Lord [^Lfor anointing], and the sweet-smelling incense for the Holy Place.

“These workers will make all these things just as I have commanded you.”

The Day of Rest

¹² Then the Lord said to Moses, ¹³ “Tell the ·Israelites [^Lsons/^Tchildren of Israel], ‘You must ·keep the rules about [^Lguard; keep] my Sabbaths, because they will be a sign [^Creminders of the covenant; 9:13; 17:11] between you and me from now on. In this way you will know that I, the Lord, make you holy.

¹⁴ “‘·Make the Sabbath a holy day [^LKeep/Guard the Sabbath for it is holy]. If anyone ·treats the Sabbath like any other day [profanes/desecrates the Sabbath] that person must be put to death; anyone who works on the Sabbath day must be cut off from his people [20:8–11]. ¹⁵ There are six days for working, but the seventh day is a day of rest, a day holy for the Lord. Anyone who works during the Sabbath day must be put to death. ¹⁶ The ·Israelites [^Lsons/^Tchildren of Israel] must ·remember [keep; guard] the Sabbath day as an ·agreement [covenant; treaty] between them and me ·that will continue from now on [^Lthroughout their generations]. ¹⁷ The Sabbath day will be a sign between me and the ·Israelites [^Lsons/^Tchildren of Israel] forever, because in six days I, the Lord, made the ·sky [heavens] and the earth. On the seventh day I did not work; I rested [Gen. 2:1–3].’”

¹⁸ When the Lord finished speaking to Moses on Mount Sinai, he gave him the two stone tablets with the ·Agreement [Covenant; Testimony; Treaty] written on them, written by the finger of God.