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Čisté a nečisté

Raz prišli za Ježišom z Jeruzalema farizeji a učitelia Zákona.

A tu zistili, že niektorí z jeho učeníkov nedodržiavajú židovský obrad umývania rúk pred jedlom, a tak porušujú židovskú tradíciu.

Všetci Židia, a najmä znalci Zákona úzkostlivo lipli na zvykoch svojich predkov a nedotkli sa jedla, kým si obradným spôsobom neumyli ruky.

Aj po návrate z trhu sa najprv dôkladne umyli, kým sa pustili do prípravy jedla. A bolo ešte veľa podobných predpisov, ktoré prísne dodržiavali, ako napríklad oplachovanie čaší, džbánov a medeného riadu.

Preto teraz dorážali do Ježiša: Prečo tvoji učeníci nedodržiavajú zvyky našich predkov a jedávajú znesvätenými rukami?"

Ježiš im odpovedal: Ste pokrytci. Prorok Izaiáš mal pravdu, keď o vás povedal: Títo ľudia ma zvelebujú ústami, ale srdcom ma nemilujú.

Márna je ich zbožnosť, lebo svoje nariadenia vydávajú za zákony Božie.

A naozaj, Božie príkazy zanedbávate a nahrádzate ich vlastnými predpismi.

Veď vy vlastne pošliapavate Boží zákon v mene svojich zvykov.

10 Tak napríklad Mojžiš vám takto tlmočil Božie prikázanie: Cti si otca aj matku. A ešte doložil, že ak by niekto len nadával svojim rodičom, zaslúži si trest smrti.

11-12 Ale vy dovoľujete, aby človek zanedbával svojich rodičov, ktorí potrebujú pomoc, ak sa môže vyhovoriť: Nemôžem vám pomôcť, lebo to, čo som zo svojho zárobku mal dať vám, zaniesol som do chrámu.

13 A takto vlastné predpisy staviate nad Božie zákony. A to je len jeden príklad z mnohých."

14 Potom si zavolal k sebe zástup ľudí a povedal im: Počúvajte ma a usilujte sa mi porozumieť:

15-16 To, čo zjete, nemôže uškodiť vašej duši, ale škodí jej to, čo si myslíte, hovoríte alebo konáte."

17 Keď potom vstúpil do ktoréhosi domu, aby si odpočinul od zástupu, spýtali sa ho učeníci, čo mal tým výrokom na mysli.

18 Odpovedal im otázkou: Aj vy ste takí nechápaví? Neviete, že duši človeka nemôže uškodiť to, čo zje?

19 Veď jedlo neznečisťuje vnútro, prechádza iba bruchom a potom vychádza von."

20 Potom ešte dodal: Človeka znesväcuje to, čo vychádza z jeho vnútra.

21 Lebo v srdci človeka sa rodia zlé myšlienky, nečisté zmyselné túžby, nevera,

22 vražda, krádež, cudzoložstvo, chamtivosť, zákernosť, zloba, podlosť, závisť, urážky, pýcha a všelijaké výstrednosti.

23 Všetko toto zlo vychádza z vnútra človeka a vzďaľuje ho od Boha."

Viera pohanskej ženy

24 Potom Ježiš opustil Galileu a pobral sa do pohanského kraja v okolí miest Týru a Sidona. Ubytoval sa v jednom dome a chcel, aby to zostalo v tajnosti, ale márne. Správa o jeho príchode sa ihneď rozletela po celom kraji.

25 Dozvedela sa o ňom aj žena, ktorá ho vyhľadala a na kolenách prosila, aby uzdravil jej pomätenú dcérku.

26 Nebola to Židovka, pochádzala z Fenície.

27 Ježiš sa na ňu pozrel a povedal: Ja sa musím najprv postarať o deti, ktoré sú z izraelského národa. Nebolo by správne vziať chlieb deťom a hodiť ho šteňatám."

28 Ale žena sa nedala odbiť. "To je pravda, ale aj psi zbierajú, čo zo stola spadne na zem."

29 Jej slová Ježiša odzbrojili: Choď pokojne domov, tvoja dcérka je zdravá."

30 A naozaj, keď sa žena vrátila domov, našla dieťa pokojne spať. Po pomätenosti nebolo ani stopy.

Uzdravenie hluchonemého

31 Z Týru odišiel Ježiš do mesta Sidon a odtiaľ sa opäť pobral cez Desaťmestie ku Genezaretskému jazeru.

32 Tam k nemu priviedli hluchého a zajakavého človeka s prosbou, aby ho uzdravil.

33 Ježiš ho odviedol trochu nabok od ľudí, vložil mu prsty do uší a potom sa mu naslineným prstom dotkol jazyka.

34 Uprel zrak dohora, pomodlil sa a zvolal: Otvor sa!"

35 V tej chvíli hluchonemý počul a začal zrozumiteľne hovoriť.

36 Potom sa Ježiš obrátil k prítomným a žiadal ich, aby o tom nikomu nehovorili. Ale čím väčšmi to prikazoval, tým rýchlejšie sa správa o tom šírila.

37 Ľudia žasli a nevychádzali z údivu: Robí neuveriteľné veci! Hluchým vracia sluch a nemým reč!"

That Which Defiles(A)

The Pharisees and some of the teachers of the law who had come from Jerusalem gathered around Jesus and saw some of his disciples eating food with hands that were defiled,(B) that is, unwashed. (The Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they give their hands a ceremonial washing, holding to the tradition of the elders.(C) When they come from the marketplace they do not eat unless they wash. And they observe many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, pitchers and kettles.[a])(D)

So the Pharisees and teachers of the law asked Jesus, “Why don’t your disciples live according to the tradition of the elders(E) instead of eating their food with defiled hands?”

He replied, “Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you hypocrites; as it is written:

“‘These people honor me with their lips,
    but their hearts are far from me.
They worship me in vain;
    their teachings are merely human rules.’[b](F)

You have let go of the commands of God and are holding on to human traditions.”(G)

And he continued, “You have a fine way of setting aside the commands of God in order to observe[c] your own traditions!(H) 10 For Moses said, ‘Honor your father and mother,’[d](I) and, ‘Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.’[e](J) 11 But you say(K) that if anyone declares that what might have been used to help their father or mother is Corban (that is, devoted to God)— 12 then you no longer let them do anything for their father or mother. 13 Thus you nullify the word of God(L) by your tradition(M) that you have handed down. And you do many things like that.”

14 Again Jesus called the crowd to him and said, “Listen to me, everyone, and understand this. 15 Nothing outside a person can defile them by going into them. Rather, it is what comes out of a person that defiles them.” [16] [f]

17 After he had left the crowd and entered the house, his disciples asked him(N) about this parable. 18 “Are you so dull?” he asked. “Don’t you see that nothing that enters a person from the outside can defile them? 19 For it doesn’t go into their heart but into their stomach, and then out of the body.” (In saying this, Jesus declared all foods(O) clean.)(P)

20 He went on: “What comes out of a person is what defiles them. 21 For it is from within, out of a person’s heart, that evil thoughts come—sexual immorality, theft, murder, 22 adultery, greed,(Q) malice, deceit, lewdness, envy, slander, arrogance and folly. 23 All these evils come from inside and defile a person.”

Jesus Honors a Syrophoenician Woman’s Faith(R)

24 Jesus left that place and went to the vicinity of Tyre.[g](S) He entered a house and did not want anyone to know it; yet he could not keep his presence secret. 25 In fact, as soon as she heard about him, a woman whose little daughter was possessed by an impure spirit(T) came and fell at his feet. 26 The woman was a Greek, born in Syrian Phoenicia. She begged Jesus to drive the demon out of her daughter.

27 “First let the children eat all they want,” he told her, “for it is not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.”

28 “Lord,” she replied, “even the dogs under the table eat the children’s crumbs.”

29 Then he told her, “For such a reply, you may go; the demon has left your daughter.”

30 She went home and found her child lying on the bed, and the demon gone.

Jesus Heals a Deaf and Mute Man(U)

31 Then Jesus left the vicinity of Tyre(V) and went through Sidon, down to the Sea of Galilee(W) and into the region of the Decapolis.[h](X) 32 There some people brought to him a man who was deaf and could hardly talk,(Y) and they begged Jesus to place his hand on(Z) him.

33 After he took him aside, away from the crowd, Jesus put his fingers into the man’s ears. Then he spit(AA) and touched the man’s tongue. 34 He looked up to heaven(AB) and with a deep sigh(AC) said to him, “Ephphatha!” (which means “Be opened!”). 35 At this, the man’s ears were opened, his tongue was loosened and he began to speak plainly.(AD)

36 Jesus commanded them not to tell anyone.(AE) But the more he did so, the more they kept talking about it. 37 People were overwhelmed with amazement. “He has done everything well,” they said. “He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 7:4 Some early manuscripts pitchers, kettles and dining couches
  2. Mark 7:7 Isaiah 29:13
  3. Mark 7:9 Some manuscripts set up
  4. Mark 7:10 Exodus 20:12; Deut. 5:16
  5. Mark 7:10 Exodus 21:17; Lev. 20:9
  6. Mark 7:16 Some manuscripts include here the words of 4:23.
  7. Mark 7:24 Many early manuscripts Tyre and Sidon
  8. Mark 7:31 That is, the Ten Cities

Then came together unto him the Pharisees, and certain of the scribes, which came from Jerusalem.

And when they saw some of his disciples eat bread with defiled, that is to say, with unwashen, hands, they found fault.

For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands oft, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders.

And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.

Then the Pharisees and scribes asked him, Why walk not thy disciples according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashen hands?

He answered and said unto them, Well hath Esaias prophesied of you hypocrites, as it is written, This people honoureth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me.

Howbeit in vain do they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.

For laying aside the commandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and cups: and many other such like things ye do.

And he said unto them, Full well ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may keep your own tradition.

10 For Moses said, Honour thy father and thy mother; and, Whoso curseth father or mother, let him die the death:

11 But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, It is Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; he shall be free.

12 And ye suffer him no more to do ought for his father or his mother;

13 Making the word of God of none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye.

14 And when he had called all the people unto him, he said unto them, Hearken unto me every one of you, and understand:

15 There is nothing from without a man, that entering into him can defile him: but the things which come out of him, those are they that defile the man.

16 If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.

17 And when he was entered into the house from the people, his disciples asked him concerning the parable.

18 And he saith unto them, Are ye so without understanding also? Do ye not perceive, that whatsoever thing from without entereth into the man, it cannot defile him;

19 Because it entereth not into his heart, but into the belly, and goeth out into the draught, purging all meats?

20 And he said, That which cometh out of the man, that defileth the man.

21 For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders,

22 Thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness:

23 All these evil things come from within, and defile the man.

24 And from thence he arose, and went into the borders of Tyre and Sidon, and entered into an house, and would have no man know it: but he could not be hid.

25 For a certain woman, whose young daughter had an unclean spirit, heard of him, and came and fell at his feet:

26 The woman was a Greek, a Syrophenician by nation; and she besought him that he would cast forth the devil out of her daughter.

27 But Jesus said unto her, Let the children first be filled: for it is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it unto the dogs.

28 And she answered and said unto him, Yes, Lord: yet the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs.

29 And he said unto her, For this saying go thy way; the devil is gone out of thy daughter.

30 And when she was come to her house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid upon the bed.

31 And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon, he came unto the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the coasts of Decapolis.

32 And they bring unto him one that was deaf, and had an impediment in his speech; and they beseech him to put his hand upon him.

33 And he took him aside from the multitude, and put his fingers into his ears, and he spit, and touched his tongue;

34 And looking up to heaven, he sighed, and saith unto him, Ephphatha, that is, Be opened.

35 And straightway his ears were opened, and the string of his tongue was loosed, and he spake plain.

36 And he charged them that they should tell no man: but the more he charged them, so much the more a great deal they published it;

37 And were beyond measure astonished, saying, He hath done all things well: he maketh both the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak.