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Felly yn y deuddegfed mis, hwnnw yw mis Adar, ar y trydydd dydd ar ddeg ohono, pan nesaodd gair y brenin a’i orchymyn i’w cwblhau; yn y dydd y gobeithiasai gelynion yr Iddewon y caent fuddugoliaethu arnynt, (ond yn y gwrthwyneb i hynny y bu, canys yr Iddewon a arglwyddiaethasant ar eu caseion;) Yr Iddewon a ymgynullasant yn eu dinasoedd, trwy holl daleithiau y brenin Ahasferus, i estyn llaw yn erbyn y rhai oedd yn ceisio niwed iddynt: ac ni safodd neb yn eu hwynebau; canys eu harswyd a syrthiasai ar yr holl bobloedd. A holl dywysogion y taleithiau, a’r pendefigion, a’r dugiaid, a’r rhai oedd yn gwneuthur y gwaith oedd eiddo y brenin, oedd yn cynorthwyo’r Iddewon: canys arswyd Mordecai a syrthiasai arnynt hwy. Canys mawr oedd Mordecai yn nhŷ y brenin, a’i glod ef oedd yn myned trwy yr holl daleithiau: oherwydd y gŵr hwn Mordecai oedd yn myned rhagddo, ac yn cynyddu. Felly yr Iddewon a drawsant eu holl elynion â dyrnod y cleddyf, a lladdedigaeth, a distryw; a gwnaethant i’w caseion yn ôl eu hewyllys eu hun. Ac yn Susan y brenhinllys, yr Iddewon a laddasant ac a ddifethasant bum cant o wŷr. Parsandatha hefyd, a Dalffon, ac Aspatha, Poratha hefyd, ac Adalia, ac Aridatha, Parmasta hefyd, ac Arisai, Aridai hefyd, a Bajesatha, 10 Deng mab Haman mab Hammedatha, gwrthwynebwr yr Iddewon, a laddasant hwy: ond nid estynasant eu llaw ar yr anrhaith.

11 Y dwthwn hwnnw nifer y lladdedigion yn Susan y brenhindy a ddaeth gerbron y brenin. 12 A dywedodd y brenin wrth Esther y frenhines, Yr Iddewon a laddasant ac a ddifethasant yn Susan y brenhinllys, bum cant o wŷr, a deng mab Haman; yn y rhan arall o daleithiau y brenin beth a wnaethant hwy? beth gan hynny yw dy ddymuniad? ac fe a roddir i ti; a pheth yw dy ddeisyfiad ymhellach? ac fe a’i gwneir. 13 Yna y dywedodd Esther, O rhyglydda bodd i’r brenin, caniataer yfory i’r Iddewon sydd yn Susan wneuthur yn ôl y gorchymyn heddiw: a chrogant ddeng mab Haman ar y pren. 14 A’r brenin a ddywedodd am wneuthur felly, a’r gorchymyn a roddwyd yn Susan: a hwy a grogasant ddeng mab Haman. 15 Felly yr Iddewon, y rhai oedd yn Susan, a ymgynullasant ar y pedwerydd dydd ar ddeg o fis Adar hefyd, ac a laddasant dri chant o wŷr yn Susan: ond nid estynasant eu llaw ar yr ysbail. 16 A’r rhan arall o’r Iddewon, y rhai oedd yn nhaleithiau y brenin a ymgasglasant, ac a safasant am eu heinioes, ac a gawsant lonyddwch gan eu gelynion, ac a laddasant bymtheng mil a thrigain o’u caseion: ond nid estynasant eu llaw ar yr anrhaith. 17 Ar y trydydd dydd ar ddeg o fis Adar y bu hyn, ac ar y pedwerydd dydd ar ddeg ohono y gorffwysasant, ac y cynaliasant ef yn ddydd gwledd a gorfoledd. 18 Ond yr Iddewon, y rhai oedd yn Susan, a ymgynullasant ar y trydydd dydd ar ddeg ohono, ac ar y pedwerydd dydd ar ddeg ohono; ac ar y pymthegfed ohono y gorffwysasant, a gwnaethant ef yn ddydd cyfeddach a llawenydd. 19 Am hynny Iddewon y pentrefi, y rhai oedd yn trigo mewn dinasoedd heb gaerau, oedd yn cynnal y pedwerydd dydd ar ddeg o’r mis Adar, mewn llawenydd a chyfeddach, ac yn ddiwrnod daionus, ac i anfon rhannau i’w gilydd.

20 A Mordecai a ysgrifennodd y geiriau hyn, ac a anfonodd lythyrau at yr holl Iddewon oedd trwy holl daleithiau y brenin Ahasferus, yn agos ac ymhell, 21 I ordeinio iddynt gadw y pedwerydd dydd ar ddeg o fis Adar, a’r pymthegfed dydd ohono, bob blwyddyn; 22 Megis y dyddiau y cawsai yr Iddewon ynddynt lonydd gan eu gelynion, a’r mis yr hwn a ddychwelasai iddynt o dristwch i lawenydd, ac o alar yn ddydd daionus: gan eu cynnal hwynt yn ddyddiau gwledd a llawenydd, a phawb yn anfon anrhegion i’w gilydd, a rhoddion i’r rhai anghenus. 23 A’r Iddewon a gymerasant arnynt wneuthur fel y dechreuasent, ac fel yr ysgrifenasai Mordecai atynt. 24 Canys Haman mab Hammedatha yr Agagiad, gwrthwynebwr yr holl Iddewon, a arfaethasai yn erbyn yr Iddewon, am eu difetha hwynt; ac efe a fwriasai Pwr, hwnnw yw y coelbren, i’w dinistrio hwynt, ac i’w difetha: 25 A phan ddaeth Esther o flaen y brenin, efe a archodd trwy lythyrau, ddychwelyd ei ddrwg fwriad ef, yr hwn a fwriadodd efe yn erbyn yr Iddewon, ar ei ben ei hun; a’i grogi ef a’i feibion ar y pren. 26 Am hynny y galwasant y dyddiau hynny Pwrim, ar enw y Pwr: am hynny, oherwydd holl eiriau y llythyr hwn, ac oherwydd y peth a welsent hwy am y peth hyn, a’r peth a ddigwyddasai iddynt, 27 Yr Iddewon a ordeiniasant, ac a gymerasant arnynt, ac ar eu had, ac ar yr holl rai oedd yn un â hwynt, na phallai bod cynnal y ddau ddydd hynny, yn ôl eu hysgrifen hwynt, ac yn ôl eu tymor, bob blwyddyn: 28 Ac y byddai y dyddiau hynny i’w cofio, ac i’w cynnal trwy bob cenhedlaeth, a phob teulu, pob talaith, a phob dinas; sef na phallai y dyddiau Pwrim hynny o fysg yr Iddewon, ac na ddarfyddai eu coffadwriaeth hwy o blith eu had. 29 Ac ysgrifennodd Esther y frenhines merch Abihail, a Mordecai yr Iddew, trwy eu holl rym, i sicrhau ail lythyr y Pwrim hwn. 30 Ac efe a anfonodd lythyrau at yr holl Iddewon, trwy y cant a’r saith dalaith ar hugain o frenhiniaeth Ahasferus, â geiriau heddwch a gwirionedd; 31 I sicrhau y dyddiau Pwrim hynny yn eu tymhorau, fel yr ordeiniasai Mordecai yr Iddew, ac Esther y frenhines, iddynt hwy, ac fel yr ordeiniasent hwythau drostynt eu hun, a thros eu had, eiriau yr ymprydiau a’u gwaedd. 32 Ac ymadrodd Esther a gadarnhaodd achosion y dyddiau Pwrim hynny: ac ysgrifennwyd hyn mewn llyfr.

On the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar,(A) the edict commanded by the king was to be carried out. On this day the enemies of the Jews had hoped to overpower them, but now the tables were turned and the Jews got the upper hand(B) over those who hated them.(C) The Jews assembled in their cities(D) in all the provinces of King Xerxes to attack those determined to destroy them. No one could stand against them,(E) because the people of all the other nationalities were afraid of them. And all the nobles of the provinces, the satraps, the governors and the king’s administrators helped the Jews,(F) because fear of Mordecai had seized them.(G) Mordecai(H) was prominent(I) in the palace; his reputation spread throughout the provinces, and he became more and more powerful.(J)

The Jews struck down all their enemies with the sword, killing and destroying them,(K) and they did what they pleased to those who hated them. In the citadel of Susa, the Jews killed and destroyed five hundred men. They also killed Parshandatha, Dalphon, Aspatha, Poratha, Adalia, Aridatha, Parmashta, Arisai, Aridai and Vaizatha, 10 the ten sons(L) of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews.(M) But they did not lay their hands on the plunder.(N)

11 The number of those killed in the citadel of Susa was reported to the king that same day. 12 The king said to Queen Esther, “The Jews have killed and destroyed five hundred men and the ten sons of Haman in the citadel of Susa. What have they done in the rest of the king’s provinces? Now what is your petition? It will be given you. What is your request? It will also be granted.”(O)

13 “If it pleases the king,” Esther answered, “give the Jews in Susa permission to carry out this day’s edict tomorrow also, and let Haman’s ten sons(P) be impaled(Q) on poles.”

14 So the king commanded that this be done. An edict was issued in Susa, and they impaled(R) the ten sons of Haman. 15 The Jews in Susa came together on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar, and they put to death in Susa three hundred men, but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.(S)

16 Meanwhile, the remainder of the Jews who were in the king’s provinces also assembled to protect themselves and get relief(T) from their enemies.(U) They killed seventy-five thousand of them(V) but did not lay their hands on the plunder.(W) 17 This happened on the thirteenth day of the month of Adar, and on the fourteenth they rested and made it a day of feasting(X) and joy.

18 The Jews in Susa, however, had assembled on the thirteenth and fourteenth, and then on the fifteenth they rested and made it a day of feasting and joy.

19 That is why rural Jews—those living in villages—observe the fourteenth of the month of Adar(Y) as a day of joy and feasting, a day for giving presents to each other.(Z)

Purim Established

20 Mordecai recorded these events, and he sent letters to all the Jews throughout the provinces of King Xerxes, near and far, 21 to have them celebrate annually the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month of Adar 22 as the time when the Jews got relief(AA) from their enemies, and as the month when their sorrow was turned into joy and their mourning into a day of celebration.(AB) He wrote them to observe the days as days of feasting and joy and giving presents of food(AC) to one another and gifts to the poor.(AD)

23 So the Jews agreed to continue the celebration they had begun, doing what Mordecai had written to them. 24 For Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite,(AE) the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them and had cast the pur(AF) (that is, the lot(AG)) for their ruin and destruction.(AH) 25 But when the plot came to the king’s attention,[a] he issued written orders that the evil scheme Haman had devised against the Jews should come back onto his own head,(AI) and that he and his sons should be impaled(AJ) on poles.(AK) 26 (Therefore these days were called Purim, from the word pur.(AL)) Because of everything written in this letter and because of what they had seen and what had happened to them, 27 the Jews took it on themselves to establish the custom that they and their descendants and all who join them should without fail observe these two days every year, in the way prescribed and at the time appointed. 28 These days should be remembered and observed in every generation by every family, and in every province and in every city. And these days of Purim should never fail to be celebrated by the Jews—nor should the memory of these days die out among their descendants.

29 So Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail,(AM) along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter concerning Purim. 30 And Mordecai sent letters to all the Jews in the 127 provinces(AN) of Xerxes’ kingdom—words of goodwill and assurance— 31 to establish these days of Purim at their designated times, as Mordecai the Jew and Queen Esther had decreed for them, and as they had established for themselves and their descendants in regard to their times of fasting(AO) and lamentation.(AP) 32 Esther’s decree confirmed these regulations about Purim, and it was written down in the records.

Footnotes

  1. Esther 9:25 Or when Esther came before the king