Deuteronomy 25:4-6
New English Translation
4 You must not muzzle your[a] ox when it is treading grain.
Respect for the Sanctity of Others
5 If brothers live together and one of them dies without having a son, the dead man’s wife must not remarry someone outside the family. Instead, her late husband’s brother must go to her, marry her,[b] and perform the duty of a brother-in-law.[c] 6 Then[d] the first son[e] she bears will continue the name of the dead brother, thus preventing his name from being blotted out of Israel.
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- Deuteronomy 25:4 tn Heb “an.” By implication this is one’s own animal.
- Deuteronomy 25:5 tn Heb “take her as wife”; NRSV “taking her in marriage.”
- Deuteronomy 25:5 sn This is the so-called “levirate” custom (from the Latin term levir, “brother-in-law”), an ancient provision whereby a man who died without male descendants to carry on his name could have a son by proxy, that is, through a surviving brother who would marry his widow and whose first son would then be attributed to the brother who had died. This is the only reference to this practice in an OT legal text but it is illustrated in the story of Judah and his sons (Gen 38) and possibly in the account of Ruth and Boaz (Ruth 2:8; 3:12; 4:6).
- Deuteronomy 25:6 tn Heb “and it will be that.”
- Deuteronomy 25:6 tn Heb “the firstborn.” This refers to the oldest male child.
Deuteronomy 25:4-6
New International Version
4 Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.(A)
5 If brothers are living together and one of them dies without a son, his widow must not marry outside the family. Her husband’s brother shall take her and marry her and fulfill the duty of a brother-in-law to her.(B) 6 The first son she bears shall carry on the name of the dead brother so that his name will not be blotted out from Israel.(C)
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