Deuteronomy 19:15-19
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
False Witnesses. 15 (A)One witness alone shall not stand against someone in regard to any crime or any offense that may have been committed; a charge shall stand only on the testimony of two or three witnesses.(B)
16 If a hostile witness rises against someone to accuse that person of wrongdoing, 17 the two parties in the dispute shall appear in the presence of the Lord, in the presence of the priests and judges in office at that time,(C) 18 (D)and the judges must investigate it thoroughly. If the witness is a false witness and has falsely accused the other,(E) 19 you shall do to the false witness just as that false witness planned to do to the other. Thus shall you purge the evil from your midst.
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Deuteronomy 19:15-19
New International Version
Witnesses
15 One witness is not enough to convict anyone accused of any crime or offense they may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.(A)
16 If a malicious witness(B) takes the stand to accuse someone of a crime, 17 the two people involved in the dispute must stand in the presence of the Lord before the priests and the judges(C) who are in office at the time. 18 The judges must make a thorough investigation,(D) and if the witness proves to be a liar, giving false testimony against a fellow Israelite, 19 then do to the false witness as that witness intended to do to the other party.(E) You must purge the evil from among you.
Exodus 20:16
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
16 You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.(A)
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Exodus 20:16
New International Version
Exodus 23:1-3
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 23
1 You shall not repeat a false report. Do not join your hand with the wicked to be a witness supporting violence.(A) 2 You shall not follow the crowd in doing wrong. When testifying in a lawsuit, you shall not follow the crowd in perverting justice. 3 You shall not favor the poor in a lawsuit.(B)
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Exodus 23:1-3
New International Version
Laws of Justice and Mercy
23 “Do not spread false reports.(A) Do not help a guilty person by being a malicious witness.(B)
2 “Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong. When you give testimony in a lawsuit, do not pervert justice(C) by siding with the crowd,(D) 3 and do not show favoritism(E) to a poor person in a lawsuit.
Leviticus 19:11
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Leviticus 19:11
New International Version
Leviticus 19:15-16
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
15 You shall not act dishonestly in rendering judgment. Show neither partiality to the weak nor deference to the mighty, but judge your neighbor justly.(A) 16 You shall not go about spreading slander among your people; nor shall you stand by idly when your neighbor’s life is at stake. I am the Lord.
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Leviticus 19:15-16
New International Version
1 Kings 21:1-19
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 21
Seizure of Naboth’s Vineyard.[a] 1 Naboth the Jezreelite had a vineyard in Jezreel next to the palace of Ahab, king of Samaria. Some time later, 2 Ahab said to Naboth, “Give me your vineyard to be my vegetable garden, since it is close by, next to my house. I will give you a better vineyard in exchange, or, if you prefer, I will give you its value in money.” 3 Naboth said to Ahab, “The Lord forbid that I should give you my ancestral heritage.”[b] 4 Ahab went home disturbed and angry at the answer Naboth the Jezreelite had given him: “I will not give you my ancestral heritage.” Lying down on his bed, he turned away and would not eat. 5 His wife Jezebel came to him and said to him, “Why are you so sullen that you will not eat?” 6 He answered her, “Because I spoke to Naboth the Jezreelite and said to him, ‘Sell me your vineyard, or, if you prefer, I will give you a vineyard in exchange.’ But he said, ‘I will not give you my vineyard.’” 7 Jezebel his wife said to him, “What a king of Israel you are! Get up! Eat and be cheerful. I will give you the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite.”
8 So she wrote letters in Ahab’s name and, having sealed them with his seal, sent them to the elders and to the nobles who lived in the same city with Naboth. 9 This is what she wrote in the letters: “Proclaim a fast and set Naboth at the head of the people. 10 Next, set two scoundrels opposite him to accuse him: ‘You have cursed God and king.’ Then take him out and stone him to death.”
11 His fellow citizens—the elders and the nobles who dwelt in his city—did as Jezebel had ordered in the letters she sent them. 12 They proclaimed a fast and set Naboth at the head of the people. 13 Two scoundrels came in and sat opposite Naboth, and the scoundrels accused him in the presence of the people, “Naboth has cursed God and king.” And they led him out of the city and stoned him to death. 14 Then they sent word to Jezebel: “Naboth has been stoned to death.”
15 When Jezebel learned that Naboth had been stoned to death, she said to Ahab, “Go, take possession of the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite which he refused to sell you, because Naboth is not alive, but dead.” 16 When Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, he started on his way down to the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, to take possession of it.
Prophetic Condemnation. 17 Then the word of the Lord came to Elijah the Tishbite: 18 Go down to meet Ahab, king of Israel, who is in Samaria. He will be in the vineyard of Naboth, where he has gone to take possession. 19 (A)Tell him: “Thus says the Lord: After murdering, do you also take possession?” And tell him, “Thus says the Lord: In the place where the dogs licked up the blood of Naboth, the dogs shall lick up your blood, too.”
Read full chapterFootnotes
- 21:1–16 The story tells how Jezebel manipulates important structures of Israelite social order, law, and religious observance to eliminate a faithful Israelite landowner who frustrates Ahab’s will.
- 21:3 Heritage: Hebrew naḥalah. Naboth is unwilling to sell or exchange his vineyard. According to the Israelite system of land tenure and distribution, land was held in common within a social unit. The ancestral naḥalah was not private property, to be alienated at will.
1 Kings 21:1-19
New International Version
Naboth’s Vineyard
21 Some time later there was an incident involving a vineyard belonging to Naboth(A) the Jezreelite. The vineyard was in Jezreel,(B) close to the palace of Ahab king of Samaria. 2 Ahab said to Naboth, “Let me have your vineyard to use for a vegetable garden, since it is close to my palace. In exchange I will give you a better vineyard or, if you prefer, I will pay you whatever it is worth.”
3 But Naboth replied, “The Lord forbid that I should give you the inheritance(C) of my ancestors.”
4 So Ahab went home, sullen and angry(D) because Naboth the Jezreelite had said, “I will not give you the inheritance of my ancestors.” He lay on his bed sulking and refused(E) to eat.
5 His wife Jezebel came in and asked him, “Why are you so sullen? Why won’t you eat?”
6 He answered her, “Because I said to Naboth the Jezreelite, ‘Sell me your vineyard; or if you prefer, I will give you another vineyard in its place.’ But he said, ‘I will not give you my vineyard.’”
7 Jezebel his wife said, “Is this how you act as king over Israel? Get up and eat! Cheer up. I’ll get you the vineyard(F) of Naboth the Jezreelite.”
8 So she wrote letters(G) in Ahab’s name, placed his seal(H) on them, and sent them to the elders and nobles who lived in Naboth’s city with him. 9 In those letters she wrote:
“Proclaim a day of fasting and seat Naboth in a prominent place among the people. 10 But seat two scoundrels(I) opposite him and have them bring charges that he has cursed(J) both God and the king. Then take him out and stone him to death.”
11 So the elders and nobles who lived in Naboth’s city did as Jezebel directed in the letters she had written to them. 12 They proclaimed a fast(K) and seated Naboth in a prominent place among the people. 13 Then two scoundrels came and sat opposite him and brought charges against Naboth before the people, saying, “Naboth has cursed both God and the king.” So they took him outside the city and stoned him to death.(L) 14 Then they sent word to Jezebel: “Naboth has been stoned to death.”
15 As soon as Jezebel heard that Naboth had been stoned to death, she said to Ahab, “Get up and take possession of the vineyard(M) of Naboth the Jezreelite that he refused to sell you. He is no longer alive, but dead.” 16 When Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, he got up and went down to take possession of Naboth’s vineyard.
17 Then the word of the Lord came to Elijah the Tishbite: 18 “Go down to meet Ahab king of Israel, who rules in Samaria. He is now in Naboth’s vineyard, where he has gone to take possession of it. 19 Say to him, ‘This is what the Lord says: Have you not murdered a man and seized his property?’(N) Then say to him, ‘This is what the Lord says: In the place where dogs licked up Naboth’s blood,(O) dogs(P) will lick up your blood—yes, yours!’”
Psalm 5:6-10
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
6 the arrogant cannot stand before your eyes.
You hate all who do evil;
7 you destroy those who speak falsely.(A)
A bloody and fraudulent man
the Lord abhors.
III
8 But I, through the abundance of your mercy,[a]
will enter into your house.
I will bow down toward your holy sanctuary
out of fear of you.(B)
9 Lord, guide me in your justice because of my foes;
make straight your way before me.(C)
IV
10 For there is no sincerity in their mouth;
their heart is corrupt.
Their throat[b] is an open grave;(D)
on their tongue are subtle lies.
Footnotes
- 5:8 Mercy: used to translate the Hebrew word, hesed. This term speaks to a relationship between persons. It is manifested in concrete actions to persons with some need or desire. The one who offers hesed has the ability to respond to that need of the other person. Other possible ways to translate hesed include “steadfast love” and “loving kindness.”
- 5:10 Their throat: their speech brings harm to their hearers (cf. Jer 5:16). The verse mentions four parts of the body, each a source of evil to the innocent.
Psalm 5:6-10
New International Version
6 you destroy those who tell lies.(A)
The bloodthirsty and deceitful
you, Lord, detest.
7 But I, by your great love,
can come into your house;
in reverence(B) I bow down(C)
toward your holy temple.(D)
8 Lead me, Lord, in your righteousness(E)
because of my enemies—
make your way straight(F) before me.
9 Not a word from their mouth can be trusted;
their heart is filled with malice.
Their throat is an open grave;(G)
with their tongues they tell lies.(H)
10 Declare them guilty, O God!
Let their intrigues be their downfall.
Banish them for their many sins,(I)
for they have rebelled(J) against you.
Psalm 10:7-9
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
7 Their mouths are full of oaths, violence, and lies;
discord and evil are under their tongues.(A)
8 They wait in ambush near towns;
their eyes watch for the helpless
to murder the innocent in secret.(B)
9 They lurk in ambush like lions in a thicket,
hide there to trap the poor,
snare them and close the net.(C)
Psalm 10:7-9
New International Version
7 His mouth is full(A) of lies and threats;(B)
trouble and evil are under his tongue.(C)
8 He lies in wait(D) near the villages;
from ambush he murders the innocent.(E)
His eyes watch in secret for his victims;
9 like a lion in cover he lies in wait.
He lies in wait to catch the helpless;(F)
he catches the helpless and drags them off in his net.(G)
Psalm 27:12
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
12 Do not abandon me to the desire of my foes;
malicious and lying witnesses have risen against me.
Psalm 27:12
New International Version
12 Do not turn me over to the desire of my foes,
for false witnesses(A) rise up against me,
spouting malicious accusations.
Proverbs 25:18
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
18 A club, sword, or sharp arrow—
the one who bears false witness against a neighbor.(A)
Proverbs 25:18
New International Version
18 Like a club or a sword or a sharp arrow
is one who gives false testimony against a neighbor.(A)
Proverbs 30:8-10
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
8 Put falsehood and lying far from me,
give me neither poverty nor riches;
provide me only with the food I need;
9 Lest, being full, I deny you,
saying, “Who is the Lord?”
Or, being in want, I steal,
and profane the name of my God.
10 Do not criticize servants to their master,
lest they curse you, and you have to pay the penalty.
Proverbs 30:8-10
New International Version
8 Keep falsehood and lies far from me;
give me neither poverty nor riches,
but give me only my daily bread.(A)
9 Otherwise, I may have too much and disown(B) you
and say, ‘Who is the Lord?’(C)
Or I may become poor and steal,
and so dishonor the name of my God.(D)
10 “Do not slander a servant to their master,
or they will curse you, and you will pay for it.
Jeremiah 7:9
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
9 Do you think you can steal and murder, commit adultery and perjury, sacrifice to Baal, follow other gods that you do not know,(A)
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Jeremiah 7:9
New International Version
9 “‘Will you steal(A) and murder,(B) commit adultery(C) and perjury,[a](D) burn incense to Baal(E) and follow other gods(F) you have not known,
Footnotes
- Jeremiah 7:9 Or and swear by false gods
Hosea 4:2
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Footnotes
- 4:2 Similar to the decalogue (Ex 20:1–17; cf. Jer 7:9).
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