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Laws Concerning Witnesses

14 You must not encroach on your neighbor’s property,[a] which will have been defined[b] in the inheritance you will obtain in the land the Lord your God is giving you.[c]

15 A single witness may not testify[d] against another person for any trespass or sin that he commits. A matter may be legally established[e] only on the testimony of two or three witnesses. 16 If a false[f] witness testifies against another person and accuses him of a crime,[g]

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 19:14 tn Heb “border.” Cf. NRSV “You must not move your neighbor’s boundary marker.”
  2. Deuteronomy 19:14 tn Heb “which they set off from the beginning.”
  3. Deuteronomy 19:14 tn The Hebrew text includes “to possess it.” This phrase has been left untranslated to avoid redundancy.
  4. Deuteronomy 19:15 tn Heb “rise up” (likewise in v. 16).
  5. Deuteronomy 19:15 tn Heb “may stand.”
  6. Deuteronomy 19:16 tn Heb “violent” (חָמָס, khamas). This is a witness whose motivation from the beginning is to do harm to the accused and who, therefore, resorts to calumny and deceit. See I. Swart and C. VanDam, NIDOTTE 2:177-80.
  7. Deuteronomy 19:16 tn Or “rebellion.” Rebellion against God’s law is in view (cf. NAB “of a defection from the law”).

14 Do not move your neighbor’s boundary stone set up by your predecessors in the inheritance you receive in the land the Lord your God is giving you to possess.(A)

Witnesses

15 One witness is not enough to convict anyone accused of any crime or offense they may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.(B)

16 If a malicious witness(C) takes the stand to accuse someone of a crime,

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