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[a]After this, in the visions of the night I saw a fourth beast, terrifying, horrible, and of extraordinary strength; it had great iron teeth with which it devoured and crushed, and it trampled with its feet what was left. It differed from the beasts that preceded it. It had ten horns.

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Footnotes

  1. 7:7–8 Alexander’s empire was different from all the others in that it was Western rather than Eastern in inspiration, and far exceeded the others in power. The ten horns represent the kings of the Seleucid dynasty, the only part of the Hellenistic empire that concerned the author. The little horn is Antiochus IV Epiphanes (175–164 B.C.), who usurped the throne and persecuted the Jews.

“After that, in my vision(A) at night I looked, and there before me was a fourth beast—terrifying and frightening and very powerful. It had large iron(B) teeth; it crushed and devoured its victims and trampled(C) underfoot whatever was left.(D) It was different from all the former beasts, and it had ten horns.(E)

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