Ezekiel 31 New International Version
Pharaoh as a Felled Cedar of Lebanon
31 In the eleventh year,(A) in the third month on the first day, the word of the Lord came to me:(B) 2 “Son of man, say to Pharaoh king of Egypt and to his hordes:
“‘Who can be compared with you in majesty?
3 Consider Assyria,(C) once a cedar in Lebanon,(D)
with beautiful branches overshadowing the forest;
it towered on high,
its top above the thick foliage.(E)
4 The waters(F) nourished it,
deep springs made it grow tall;
their streams flowed
all around its base
and sent their channels
to all the trees of the field.(G)
5 So it towered higher(H)
than all the trees of the field;
its boughs increased
and its branches grew long,
spreading because of abundant waters.(I)
6 All the birds of the sky
nested in its boughs,
all the animals of the wild
gave birth(J) under its branches;
all the great nations
lived in its shade.(K)
7 It was majestic in beauty,
with its spreading boughs,
for its roots went down
to abundant waters.(L)
8 The cedars(M) in the garden of God
could not rival it,
nor could the junipers
equal its boughs,
nor could the plane trees(N)
compare with its branches—
no tree in the garden of God
could match its beauty.(O)
9 I made it beautiful
with abundant branches,
the envy of all the trees of Eden(P)
in the garden of God.(Q)
10 “‘Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: Because the great cedar towered over the thick foliage, and because it was proud(R) of its height, 11 I gave it into the hands of the ruler of the nations, for him to deal with according to its wickedness. I cast it aside,(S) 12 and the most ruthless of foreign nations(T) cut it down and left it. Its boughs fell on the mountains and in all the valleys;(U) its branches lay broken in all the ravines of the land. All the nations of the earth came out from under its shade and left it.(V) 13 All the birds settled on the fallen tree, and all the wild animals lived among its branches.(W) 14 Therefore no other trees by the waters are ever to tower proudly on high, lifting their tops above the thick foliage. No other trees so well-watered are ever to reach such a height; they are all destined(X) for death,(Y) for the earth below, among mortals who go down to the realm of the dead.(Z)
15 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: On the day it was brought down to the realm of the dead I covered the deep springs with mourning for it; I held back its streams, and its abundant waters were restrained. Because of it I clothed Lebanon with gloom, and all the trees of the field withered away.(AA) 16 I made the nations tremble(AB) at the sound of its fall when I brought it down to the realm of the dead to be with those who go down to the pit. Then all the trees(AC) of Eden,(AD) the choicest and best of Lebanon, the well-watered trees, were consoled(AE) in the earth below.(AF) 17 They too, like the great cedar, had gone down to the realm of the dead, to those killed by the sword,(AG) along with the armed men who lived in its shade among the nations.
18 “‘Which of the trees of Eden can be compared with you in splendor and majesty? Yet you, too, will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth below; you will lie among the uncircumcised,(AH) with those killed by the sword.
“‘This is Pharaoh and all his hordes, declares the Sovereign Lord.’”
Cross references
- Ezekiel 31:1 : Jer 52:5
- Ezekiel 31:1 : S Eze 30:20; 32:17
- Ezekiel 31:3 : S Jer 50:18
- Ezekiel 31:3 : S 2Ki 19:23; Hab 2:17; Zec 11:1
- Ezekiel 31:3 : Isa 10:34; S Eze 19:11
- Ezekiel 31:4 : Eze 17:7
- Ezekiel 31:4 : Da 4:10
- Ezekiel 31:5 : ver 10
- Ezekiel 31:5 : S Nu 24:6; S Eze 17:5
- Ezekiel 31:6 : S Ge 31:7-9
- Ezekiel 31:6 : S Eze 17:23; S Mt 13:32
- Ezekiel 31:7 : S Job 14:9
- Ezekiel 31:8 : Ps 80:10
- Ezekiel 31:8 : S Ge 30:37
- Ezekiel 31:8 : Ge 2:8-9
- Ezekiel 31:9 : S Ge 2:8
- Ezekiel 31:9 : S Ge 13:10; Eze 28:13
- Ezekiel 31:10 : S Isa 2:11; S 14:13-14; S Eze 28:17
- Ezekiel 31:11 : Da 5:20
- Ezekiel 31:12 : S Eze 28:7
- Ezekiel 31:12 : Eze 32:5; 35:8
- Ezekiel 31:12 : Eze 32:11-12; Da 4:14
- Ezekiel 31:13 : S Isa 18:6; S Eze 29:5; 32:4
- Ezekiel 31:14 : S Ps 49:14
- Ezekiel 31:14 : S Ps 82:7
- Ezekiel 31:14 : S Nu 14:11; Ps 63:9; S Eze 26:20; 32:24
- Ezekiel 31:15 : S 2Sa 1:21
- Ezekiel 31:16 : S Jer 49:21
- Ezekiel 31:16 : S Isa 14:8
- Ezekiel 31:16 : S Ge 2:8
- Ezekiel 31:16 : S Eze 14:22
- Ezekiel 31:16 : S Isa 14:15; Eze 32:18
- Ezekiel 31:17 : Ps 9:17
- Ezekiel 31:18 : S Jer 9:26
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